Hi, How Can We Help You?
  • Address: 1251 Lake Forest Drive New York
  • Email Address: assignmenthelpcentral@gmail.com

Category Archives: Blog

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Research Proposal Essentials

PROBLEM STATEMENT &SIGNIFICANCE

•Highlight&describekey featuresoftheproblem.

•Beexplicitinyour descriptionofthe researchquestion, objectives,orhypothesis. Emphasizethepurpose& benefitsofthestudy. Justifyhowyourproject contributestothebodyof knowledge.

RESEARCH DESIGN&DATA COLLECTION

•Describeyourproposed design&rationale. •Itmustsatisfytheaimof thestudy. •Clarifyhowyouaimto findyoursample&collect yourdata. Languageisfuturetense; thisiswhatyouintendto do.

TIMELINE

Research Proposal Essentials

•Indicateyourstart&finish dates. •Chronologicallylistthe majorphasesofthe project. Usethistobreakdown

thesephases.

LITERATURE REVIEW

•Theculminationofall yourscrutinized research. •Demonstratea thoughtfulsynthesisof thismaterial. •Emphasizeyourkey constructs. Showthestateof currentknowledgein relationtoyour problem.

DATAANALYSIS

•Focusontheprocess: record,transcribe. extrapolatethemes. Discusswhethermanual ordigital&why. •Plantimetolearndigital applications&processes.

RESOURCES REQUIRED

Research Proposal Essentials

•Includespeople,services equipment. •Anyresearcher’stime. travel&accommodation

•Purchasingofsoftware. •Transcriptionword processing,orgraphicart services

THE DALE METHOD

Formoredetails,youmayvisitwww.thethesiscoach.com.

  • What do you want to do, why do you want to do it, and how do you propose to do it?,

  • What is the title and introduction of the project?,

  • What is the problem statement and significance of the study?,

  • What is the research design and data collection plan?,

  • What are the timeline, literature review, data analysis, and resources required?


General Comprehensive Answer

A research proposal is a structured plan that lays out what you want to study, why it matters, and how you intend to carry out the study. Its purpose is to provide clarity, direction, and justification for undertaking the research.

First, every proposal begins with a clear explanation of what the researcher wants to do, the reasons for choosing this topic, and a practical outline of how the study will be conducted. This includes identifying the research question or hypothesis and situating the topic within existing knowledge.

The title and introduction play an important role by presenting the project in a memorable, professional way while also providing background context. A strong introduction explains the scope of the issue and frames the study in relation to broader academic or real-world problems.

The problem statement and significance section highlights the core issue that the research will address. Here, the researcher outlines objectives, defines the purpose, and explains how the project will add to existing knowledge. The emphasis is on showing the importance of the research and justifying its contribution.

In terms of research design and data collection, the proposal must specify the methodology to be used, why it is suitable, and how participants or data will be selected. The plan must align with the research objectives and be described in the future tense, since it reflects what the researcher intends to do.

A timeline is also required, laying out the start and end dates of the project as well as its major phases in chronological order. Alongside this, the literature review demonstrates familiarity with prior scholarship. It synthesizes what is known, identifies gaps, and positions the study in relation to previous findings.

Data analysis focuses on how the researcher will handle the information gathered. This could involve recording, transcribing, coding, or identifying themes, either manually or with digital software. The researcher should explain why a particular method is chosen and allow time to learn necessary tools.

Finally, resources required must be identified. This includes people, services, equipment, software, and even logistical needs such as travel or transcription. Recognizing these needs ahead of time ensures the project is realistic and feasible.

Overall, a strong research proposal is both a roadmap and a justification for a study. It demonstrates careful planning, situates the work in academic discourse, and shows that the project is worthwhile and achievable.

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Civic Responsibility Reflection

Upon completion of this assignment, you will be able to:

SLO 2: Understand the value of serving the community and being socially responsible and are motivated to act in a socially just manner by engaging in inclusive behavior and promoting diversity and understanding of others’ circumstances.

Description

 

Civic Responsibility ReflectionUnderstanding of civic responsibility is developed through celebration of diverse cultures, advocacy for the needs and identities of all members within the community, recognition of the diverse communities within the campus and beyond, education and awareness of the concerns of those communities, and support of the ongoing inclusion, understanding and dignity of all members within the campus and beyond. Being able to understand one’s own identity, as well as recognizing the similarities and differences of others, will equip students to serve and lead as citizens in a global society.

Civic Responsibility Competence :

  • Promotes understanding others’ circumstances
  • Understands the value of serving the community and being socially responsible.
  • Equips students to effectively serve and lead as global leaders.

Examples of how one can demonstrate competence in Civic Responsibility:

  • Volunteering and participating in the Human Library Event
  • Peer Mentors participation in the FIU Human Library Event will strengthen their understanding of different perspectives and provide a safe space for students of diverse backgrounds to have meaningful conversations. This is a truly unique event that allows FIU students and Peer Mentors to embrace FIU’s diverse student body.
  • Serving as a moderator in the class group chats and canvas discussion boards, setting the example of leaving a positive digital footprint. If they see something, they say something, PM’s report to their instructors to work towards a resolution.

Civic Responsibility Reflection 

Give a specific example of how this involvement used/demonstrated the Civic Responsibility Competency (200 word minimum).  Please include an example or mention how the example demonstrates each of these:

  • Motivated to act in a socially just manner.
  • Promotes diversity and understanding of others’ circumstances.
  • Engages in inclusive behavior.
  • Understands the value of serving the community and being socially responsible

Civic Responsibility example: I serve on an events committiee for the city of defuniak springs. I often give input and advise on planning strategies for our events in our community.

  • Give a specific example of how this involvement used/demonstrated the Civic Responsibility Competency,

  • How were you motivated to act in a socially just manner?,

  • How did you promote diversity and understanding of others’ circumstances?,

  • How did you engage in inclusive behavior?,

  • How did you show that you understand the value of serving the community and being socially responsible?

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Activism and Agency

pare papers (they said X and they said y). They are argumentative persuasive essays. You must make an original argument by juxtaposing weekly themes together. You don’t have to compare themes equally; you can prioritize one and use it to discuss the other theme, but the art and skill of writing requires deep analysis and argumentation logic that weaves things together. college-level writing takes practice. Theme 1: racism, sexualiTY, internationalism racism, sexualiTY, internationalism Use the reading “queering the color line within the color” Use lecture slides “lecture week 6 on japan” Theme 2: Palestine, activism, geopolitics Use the reading “spirit in opposition” Use lecture slides “week 8 on palestine” Theme 3: coloniality, authoritarianism, aesthetics Use the reading “Enmeshment aesthetics” Use lecture slides “week 9 on coloniality”

Activism and Agency

● USE QUOTES FROM THE 3 FILES OF THE READINGS THAT I ATTACHED. ● REFER BACK TO THE LECTURE SLIDES AND USE IDEAS FROM THERE Activism and Agency

TOO. ● CITE PAGE NUMBERS AND CITE IN MLA FORMAT. ● DON’T USE AI. ● DON’T USE OUTSIDE SOURCES.

  • How is activism tied to agency the ability to shape one’s own life?,

  • Do people who have no or little agency have recourse to activism?,

  • Does activism deliver or provide much agency?,

  • How can three weekly themes—racism/sexuality/internationalism Palestine/activism/geopolitics, and coloniality/authoritarianism/aesthetics—be connected to activism and agency?,

  • How can deep analysis and argumentation weave these themes together into an original argument

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Lowering the Drinking Age Debate

Should the alcohol drinking age be lowered from 21 to 18?  Yes or no? Why?

A) has to be 3 – 4 pages long

B) It has to be double-spaced and one-inch margins on all sides

C) It has to be typed in Times New Roman Font (12)

D) Written in MLA format and it must contain a separate Works Cited page. Needs to have at least 4 citations from 4 different reputable sources.

E) No Wikipedia is allowed.

F) You must provide statistical and/or specific current or historical events or facts to augment your thesis.

Lowering the Drinking Age Debate

Lowering the Drinking Age Debate

Questions:

  • Should the alcohol drinking age be lowered from 21 to 18?,

  • What are the key arguments supporting lowering the drinking age?,

  • What are the main arguments against lowering the drinking age?,

  • What statistical or historical evidence informs this debate?,

  • What conclusion best supports the thesis based on evidence?

Answer (Comprehensive, General):

The debate over whether the legal drinking age should be lowered from 21 to 18 is one of the most persistent policy discussions in the United States. Supporters argue that 18-year-olds, as legal adults, should have the right to make decisions about alcohol, while opponents emphasize health and safety concerns tied to underage drinking. Evaluating this question requires an analysis of both perspectives, alongside historical context, statistical data, and global comparisons.


Arguments Supporting Lowering the Drinking Age

One of the strongest arguments for lowering the drinking age is that 18 is the age of legal adulthood in the U.S. At 18, individuals can vote, enlist in the military, sign contracts, marry, and be tried as adults in court. Denying the right to consume alcohol appears inconsistent with the recognition of adult responsibilities. Proponents argue that lowering the age to 18 would align drinking laws with broader legal rights.

Another rationale is that the current age restriction encourages unsafe and secretive drinking behaviors among young people. Studies indicate that many college students under 21 drink heavily in unsupervised environments, contributing to higher risks of alcohol poisoning and reckless behavior. Allowing legal access at 18 could normalize alcohol consumption, promoting moderation and responsible habits.

International examples also strengthen this argument. Most European countries set their legal drinking age at 18 or lower, yet they generally experience fewer alcohol-related deaths per capita compared to the United States. This suggests that cultural norms and education, rather than age limits, may be more effective in reducing harmful drinking patterns.Lowering the Drinking Age Debate

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

U.S.–Russia Relations Proposal

Submit a 1,000-word essay outlining your plan and initial thoughts on your final research paper and video presentation. This outline will detail which national or international security issue was chosen from the list provided below. The proposal will outline your planned analysis of the issue, your preliminary ideas on the strategy you recommend, and commentary on the likely effectiveness of your strategy to bring the issue to a positive resolution. The choices of other students do not impact your choice. Discuss possible exceptions to this policy with the instructor. The essay must include a cover page and bibliography (not counted in the word total). The essay is to be typed, 12 font, double spaced and must meet the following criteria: (1) identifies the issue in need of resolution, outlining a brief history of the issue (10% of the grade); (2) explains the preliminary thesis statement you will make in the final research paper with an explanation of why you have chosen this thesis statement (20% of the grade); (3) estimate the major sections of your paper, i.e., sample section titles and a brief explanation of the purpose of each section, including footnotes/endnotes (30% of the grade); (4) provides an initial working bibliography with all sources collected so far using Chicago (preferred), APA or MLA style (20% of the grade and is required). Submitting the proposal grammatically correct and error-free is worth 10% of the grade. The paper proposal will be submitted in this assignment. The submission is to be in PDF format. Only PDF-formatted files will be accepted. The naming convention of the PDF file is lastnamePSCI6630Proposal.pdf (last name being the student’s last name). All submissions must have a cover page with the student’s name, course number, and title.  (Following these submission directions precisely is worth 10% of the grade.)

U.S.–Russia Relations Proposal

U.S.–Russia Relations Proposal

Issue selection comprises 1) issue topic and 2) primary perspective. For example, 1) the issue topic is the war between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, and 2) you would then choose the primary perspective of the USA, the Russian Federation, the Ukrainian government, or another nation-state government.  While your final paper will need to consider the perspectives of all significant players reacting to your proposed strategy, in this example, you would need to write the strategy for either Trump, Putin, Zelenskyy, or another nation-state leader as your primary focus.

 

1. TOPIC US relations with the Russian Federation

  • What is the identified issue in need of resolution and what is its brief history?,

  • What is your preliminary thesis statement and why did you choose it?,

  • What are the major sections of your paper (sample section titles and purposes)?,

  • What is your initial working bibliography?,

  • How will you ensure the paper is error-free, properly formatted, and submitted as required?

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Global Racism Zine Assignment

The purpose of this final assignment is to help guide you on a topic of your choice concerning racism. It is also to get your critical ideas and visions into a creative and alternative dissemination format. A zine is a self- published and self-circulating work that has typically been created and circulated by an individual or a collective. Historically, it provides social, political, cultural, gender, class, etc. information to marginalized communities free of charge or based on a small donation. In short (5-page double-space written content), this is a DIY project. This can be a digital zine (shared link) or a hardcopy (printed) zine submission. You may use Canva or whatever tech savvy app, or media outlet you know to create your zine. If you decide to do your zine digitally, please paste the link to your zine on Canvas. Get creative and share what you know, but YOU MUST back it up with historically and structural accurate scholarly information! Thus, your analysis will be critical! You must include three concepts from the reading but only one can be from the week you presented on the readings. All readings cited will be based on class readings. Feel free to use lecture notes and class films sporadically. You must use six readings and correctly cite them at the end of your zine.

Global Racism Zine Assignment

Global Racism Zine Assignment

Pick your research topic: Use your imagination and choose something that will be exciting to learn or inform others on. Your zine can be on a specific topic concerning racism in the past, ongoing, or currently, such as settler colonialism, labor exploitation, indigenismo/mestizaje, slavery, sexual violence and the law, trans. rights, the Zapatistas and the state, South African or Palestinian Apartheid, occupation, the holocaust, May, the Uyghur, Armenian, Myanmar genocide, a book, or a movie, etc.

What is your research topic?

Briefly describe why you chose your research topic?:

Global Racism Zine Assignment

Dr. Nicolas

Pick at least THREE concepts from the course: Your concepts should help you understand and analyze the topic you are studying such as, structural racism, whiteness, settler colonialism, colonialism (colonial), imperialism, decolonization, genocide. Be specific and direct with your concepts.

Identify your THREE concepts that we have read on and briefly describe how they will/have help you understand your topic:

Format Guidelines: 5 or more double-spaced pages of written content on your zine. Your last page should contain the work cited/bibliography. Either Chicago Style Citation or MLA Citation is required. Images, of course, are strongly encouraged!

  • What is your research topic?,

  • Why did you choose your research topic?,

  • What three concepts from the course will you use to analyze your topic?,

  • How will these three concepts help you understand your topic?,

  • What are the format and citation requirements for the zine?

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Healthcare Communication Technologies

Overview

Technology has become an essential part of healthcare. As a nurse, it is important to understand how technologies can impact various aspects of healthcare. To become knowledgeable about

the assorted technologies, you must first be able to identify them and describe their key features. This activity will guide you through the initial steps in choosing and evaluating a technology

for its potential impact on healthcare outcomes.

This assignment will help you with Project One, where you will be required to propose a current healthcare technology solution for a problem.

Scenario

Healthcare Communication Technologies

Mr. Jones is a 72-year-old male who lives in a rural area more than an hour away from the nearest healthcare facility. After a motor vehicle accident, he was brought to the emergency

department of a regional hospital by emergency medical services (EMS). Mr. Jones was stabilized and evaluated, and it was determined that he needed to be transferred to the nearest level I

trauma center, where he was admitted for multiple surgeries. He was discharged to a rehab facility to continue his recovery. After his release from the rehab facility, he was scheduled for

several follow-up appointments. Because of the use of an electronic health record (ERH), each of the different medical departments had instant access to real-time information about Mr.

Jones’ personal health information. Consider other healthcare technologies that might have also been used to treat Mr. Jones.

Directions Healthcare Communication Technologies

Using the Module One Activity Template in the What to Submit section, identify and describe three different information and communication technologies that could have been used in the

scenario. Do not use the EHR as one of your choices. Use at least two scholarly, current (within the last five years) references to support your work. Specifically, you must address the

following rubric criteria:

1. Function: Describe the functions of three different information and communication technologies.

2. Application: Explain how each of the chosen technologies work.

3. Special features: Describe any special features of each of the technologies.

4. Uses: Explain how each technology is used in healthcare.

5. Rationale: Provide a rationale for using each information and communication technology in the scenario.

What to Submit

Submit your completed Module One Activity Template. Your submission should be a 2- to 3-page Word document with a separate reference page that is not part of the page count. Follow

APA Style standards for formatting and citing your sources.



7/6/25, 8:46 AM Assignment Information

https://learn.snhu.edu/d2l/le/content/1975138/fullscreen/42294556/View 1/3

Healthcare Communication Technologies

 

Module One Activity Rubric

Criteria Exceeds Expectations (100%) Meets Expectations (85%) Partially Meets Expectations

(55%)

Does Not Meet Expectations

(0%) Value

Function Exceeds expectations in an

exceptionally clear, insightful,

sophisticated, or creative

manner

Describes the functions of

three different information and

communication technologies

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but with

errors or omissions

Does not attempt criterion 15

Application Exceeds expectations in an

exceptionally clear, insightful,

sophisticated, or creative

manner

Explains how each of the

chosen technologies work

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but with

errors or omissions

Does not attempt criterion 15

Special Features Exceeds expectations in an

exceptionally clear, insightful,

sophisticated, or creative

manner

Describes any special features

of each of the technologies

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but with

errors or omissions

Does not attempt criterion 15

Uses Exceeds expectations in an

exceptionally clear, insightful,

sophisticated, or creative

manner

Explains how each technology

is used in healthcare

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but with

errors or omissions

Does not attempt criterion 15

Rationale Exceeds expectations in an

exceptionally clear, insightful,

sophisticated, or creative

manner

Provides a rationale for using

each information and

communication technology in

the scenario

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but with

errors or omissions

Does not attempt criterion 15

Clear Communication Exceeds expectations with an

intentional use of language that

promotes a thorough

understanding

Consistently and effectively

communicates in an organized

way to a specific audience

Shows progress toward

meeting expectations, but

communication is inconsistent

or ineffective in a way that

negatively impacts

understanding

Shows no evidence of

consistent, effective, or

organized communication

10

7/6/25, 8:46 AM Assignment Information

https://learn.snhu.edu/d2l/le/content/1975138/fullscreen/42294556/View 2/3

 

 

Criteria Exceeds Expectations (100%) Meets Expectations (85%) Partially Meets Expectations

(55%)

Does Not Meet Expectations

(0%) Value

Scholarly Sources Incorporates more than two

scholarly, current (within the

last five years) sources, or use

of sources is exceptionally

insightful

Incorporates two scholarly,

current (within the last five

years) sources that support

claims

Incorporates fewer than two

scholarly, current (within the

last five years) sources, or not

all sources support claims

Does not incorporate sources 10

APA Style Formats in-text citations and

reference list according to APA

style with no errors

Formats in-text citations and

reference list according to APA

style with fewer than five

errors

Formats in-text citations and

reference list according to APA

style with five or more errors

Does not format in-text

citations and reference list

according to APA style

  • What are the functions of three different information and communication technologies?,

  • How does each of the chosen technologies work?,

  • What special features does each technology have?,

  • How is each technology used in healthcare?,

  • What is the rationale for using each technology in Mr. Jones’ scenario?

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Decolonizing Education

Prompt: What does the debate over California’s ethnic studies curriculum reveal about how the United States decides whose knowledge is included or excluded in education, and how might this compare to global efforts, such as Australia’s push to “indigenise the curriculum,” to challenge Eurocentrism and promote the decolonization of education?

Background: California became the first state to require ethnic studies for high school graduation, aiming to challenge Eurocentric curricula and bring in voices and histories often excluded from traditional education. While many support ethnic studies as a step toward the decolonization of education, critics have raised concerns about its content and implementation. This controversy reflects wider struggles over how education systems determine what knowledge counts. A similar debate is unfolding in Australia, where the University of Sydney has begun a major initiative to embed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge across its curriculum, sparking both enthusiasm and criticism.

Decolonizing Education

Guidelines: This essay should be 1200 words, double spaced, using 12-point font. This does not include your page of references. You must cite BOTH sources from class as well as outside sources. Outside sources can be academic or news related but must come from reputable sites. Include in-text citations as well as a reference cited page at the end of your essay using either Chicago or MLA style, but please choose one and be consistent. You should have 6-10 sources in total. Remember that citations are required for both paraphrasing and direct quotes from either texts or lecture (please keep direct quotes to one sentence). Please pay careful attention to spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Decolonizing Education

No use of AI is permitted. Use of AI will result in an automatic fail for the assignment. The goal of this assignment is for you to develop and use your own voice in response to this prompt.

Note: Use concepts from the course materials (lectures, readings and videos) to respond to the prompt. I am not asking you to summarize the readings. I am not asking for your unsupported opinions. I am asking you to make your own coherent and well-supported argument about the topic. Cite specific concepts, very short quotes, and examples from the course materials as evidence to support your own argument.

Articles to use:

● “It was a milestone for progressive education in California. Then it unraveled,” The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/jul/07/ethnic-studies-c alifornia-antisemitism

 

 

● “This high school course is dividing districts across California,” Politico https://www.politico.com/news/2025/04/20/this-high-school-course-is-dividing-dist ricts-across-california-00299498

● Decolonization of higher education in South Africa (pdf is attached) ● Indigenous education in USA and Australia (pdf is attached) ● Use this video: Stolen Generations

https://youtu.be/aDuxRddyZQY?si=PjaRZgZQGvX1McmN ● Find an academic article from a reputable website that supports the argument. ● Find an academic article from a reputable website that supports the argument.

  • What does the California ethnic studies debate reveal about who decides what knowledge counts in U.S. education?,

  • How does California’s ethnic studies requirement challenge Eurocentrism in schools?,

  • What criticisms and challenges have emerged around the ethnic studies curriculum in California?,

  • How does Australia’s effort to indigenize the curriculum compare to California’s reforms?,

  • What do both cases show about global struggles to decolonize education?

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Comparative Religion Assignments

DIS 1

  • Identify, discuss, and apply the six dimensions of religion as noted in the first chapter. Do not copy the explanations directly. Describe them in your own words as if you were trying to tell a friend. Then, explain how these six dimensions exist in one of the example tribes noted in the second chapter. When you choose a tribe and do your analysis, provide details and examples that clearly meet the definition of the dimension you are discussing. How do you feel after being able to see an indigenous religion with these new dimensions?

DIS 2

  • Explain the five cardinal virtues of Jains and compare them to key Sikh ethics. Explain at least two main differences and two important similarities in how these faithful people live. Pay particular attention to how one embraces ritual and tradition and the other one is suspicious of it. Be able to elaborate on that contrast as you draw out the different views of how one lives a meaningful life in each tradition.

Comparative Religion Assignments

DIS 3

Shintoism and Zoroastrianism have a good deal in common and also eye-opening differences the further you read about each religion. Identify the similarities between how Ahura Mazda and the sun goddess in Shinto function in each religion? Explain why each faith has such a strong emphasis on the purity of man’s heart but not necessarily his conduct, and how one maintains that purity in each tradition. Be sure you are providing good examples from your reading.

DIS 4 Comparative Religion Assignments

Christianity and Islam share many similarities. First, define at least three beliefs of each faith in the most objective possible terms. In your own words, describe in detail at least two similarities between the religions and if possible the two key figures. Go beyond the obvious and really search out the faiths. Then, in contrast, identify two ways these faiths differ and why those differences exist. Finally, why does each have so many different denominations and faiths? (for example, Christianity has somewhere in the neighborhood of forty thousand separate faith groups calling themselves Christians whereas in Islam there are at least 74 different sects and at least 3-4 major divisions of those who call themselves Muslim (Islamic). Name some of the differences in denominations in each faith.

REFLECTION 1

This Reflection Paper must have a minimum of 250 words. Proofread your writing for both content and grammar, and cite the textbook using the APA format (Voorst, page number) to support your ideas.

Hinduism and Buddhism both recognize that there is a destination humans must each reach in order to escape this earthly life. Hindus believe in many gods to help teach and guide them whereas the Buddha is seen as the best teacher but is not viewed as a god. In Hinduism, life’s ultimate goal is called Moksha. In Buddhism it is called Nirvana. Hindus believe in the end the self returns to be with one great universal spirit of Brahman and return to being one. In Buddhism, one has to release the idea of self and follow a middle path of living. In your paper reflection, contrast and compare how an individual reaches either one of these destinations. Provide a clear explanation of any terms like samsara, dharma, or karma and ultimately what the right way to live is in order to achieve either of these ends.

REFLECTION 2

Contrast and compare the ideas of what makes for a good, peaceful, or well-ordered life in both Taoism and Confucianism. In addition, what causes suffering in each model in how one behaves. Give examples. Talk about how these civil religions, when followed impact society and what happens to society when they are not. Does either include any supernatural elements or explanations of possibilities of the afterlife? Why are society and faith so interconnected in these two religions? Explain.

REFLECTION 3

Describe and explain the different names (e.g. Hebrew, Israelite, Asherkaidim, Kabbalists, and Jew) that came to describe the Jewish people over the many centuries of their existence. Then, expand your explanations and get more specific in identifying the difference between a Pharisee, Sadducee, Essene, Zealot, and Jesus followers. Pay particular attention to the Essenes and why they play such a pivotal role in the Maccabean Revolt and the establishment of the holiday of Hannukah. (Interesting fact: archaeologists and many religious anthropologists believe John and Jesus and the New Testament writer John were Essenes). Again, please be as detailed as you can but remember your focus is on Judaism and not Christianity or comparing to Christianity. Judaism and its text are borrowed by Christians as part of their Bible but that comes at a later time.

REFLECTION 4

In your text, many different New Religious Movements (NRMs) are identified and there are common features listed as well in your text. Your job in this paper is to choose an NRM (any of the text and if you have one that you wish to research on your own — please ask your instructor for permission to make sure it meets the NRM criteria (and you must be able to explain this to your instructor) — and explain what the NRM is all about in terms of its origins. Identify and give examples of each of the 7 (seven) common features (see your text). Be thorough and detailed. Write in your own words, use short quotes from the reading, feel free to research more on NRMs but only use credible websites, proofread your writing, and have clear examples and explanations that give the best understanding of the NRM you have chosen.

  • Identify discuss and apply the six dimensions of religion as noted in the first chapter.,

  • Explain the five cardinal virtues of Jains and compare them to key Sikh ethics.,

  • Identify the similarities between how Ahura Mazda and the sun goddess in Shinto function in each religion.,

  • Define at least three beliefs of Christianity and Islam and describe similarities and differences.,

  • Contrast and compare Hinduism and Buddhism’s ultimate goals of Moksha and Nirvana.

September 24, 2025
September 24, 2025

Soft Power in Policing

Abstract

The increasing complexity of transnational crime necessitates strong international policing cooperation. While hard power mechanisms such as treaties and direct enforcement are often emphasized, soft power strategies—including officer exchange programs, training initiatives, and informal diplomatic agreements—play a crucial role in fostering long-term trust and collaboration. This thesis examines how non-coercive mechanisms such as international policing summits, best practice sharing, and intelligence cooperation enhance operational coordination among law enforcement agencies. By analyzing case studies from organizations such as INTERPOL, Europol, and regional policing bodies, the research assesses the effectiveness of these soft power approaches in improving cross-border policing. It also explores the challenges associated with implementing such strategies, including political, legal, and cultural barriers. The study aims to provide policy recommendations for strengthening global policing partnerships through diplomacy, training, and voluntary cooperation.

Keywords: Soft power, international policing, cross-border cooperation, training, officer exchanges, security collaboration.

Soft Power in Policing

Soft Power in Policing

Introduction

Soft power refers to a state’s ability to influence other actors through attraction and persuasion rather than coercion or force. While traditionally associated with foreign policy and cultural diplomacy, soft power has gained relevance in the domain of international policing. Given the rise of transnational crime networks, terrorism, and cyber threats, there is a growing need for non-coercive approaches to enhance security cooperation across borders. Many law enforcement agencies engage in training programs, officer exchanges, and best practice-sharing initiatives to improve interoperability and trust between countries. These soft power methods complement existing legal and enforcement-based frameworks by fostering long-term collaboration and information sharing.

This research explores how soft power mechanisms are used in cross-border policing, examining their effectiveness and potential limitations. The study investigates international policing bodies’ roles in facilitating voluntary cooperation and informal agreements, which help build sustainable security partnerships.

 

Research Statement

Policing cooperation at the international level often relies on legally binding agreements and enforcement mechanisms. However, these approaches face challenges such as jurisdictional constraints, diplomatic tensions, and resource limitations. Soft power strategies, including knowledge exchange, training initiatives, and informal partnerships, offer alternative means to enhance cross-border policing collaboration. Existing research primarily focuses on formal treaties and legal frameworks but lacks a comprehensive analysis of soft power’s role in shaping global security partnerships. This study seeks to fill that gap by exploring how non-coercive measures contribute to effective international policing.

 

Research Objectives

1. To analyze the role of soft power in enhancing international policing cooperation.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of training programs, officer exchanges, and best practice-sharing initiatives.

3. To examine the role of informal agreements and policing summits in fostering long-term trust and collaboration.

4. To identify challenges and barriers to implementing soft power strategies in cross-border policing.

5. To provide policy recommendations for improving global policing cooperation through soft power initiatives.

 

Research Questions

1. How do soft power strategies contribute to cross-border policing cooperation?

2. What role do officer exchanges, training programs, and international policing summits play in fostering collaboration?

3. What challenges hinder the effectiveness of soft power approaches in law enforcement?

4. How do organizations such as INTERPOL and Europol leverage soft power in their security partnerships?

5. What policy measures can enhance the role of soft power in global policing cooperation?

 

Literature Review

The concept of soft power, introduced by Joseph Nye, emphasizes the ability of states and institutions to influence others through attraction rather than coercion. In policing, soft power manifests through training programs, cultural exchanges, and informal networks that facilitate trust-building among international law enforcement agencies. Studies on policing cooperation highlight the effectiveness of legally binding agreements, but recent research suggests that non-coercive mechanisms play a crucial role in sustaining long-term collaborations. This section will review existing literature on soft power in international security, cross-border policing mechanisms, and case studies of organizations employing soft power strategies.

 

Theoretical Framework

This study is grounded in Joseph Nye’s soft power theory, which underscores the importance of persuasion over coercion. Additionally, theories of transnational policing cooperation and international relations frameworks on voluntary agreements and trust-building will be explored. By applying these theories, the research will assess how non-coercive strategies contribute to effective cross-border policing.

 

Methodology / Data Collection

This thesis will adopt a qualitative case study approach, analyzing data from primary and secondary sources. Primary data will include interviews with law enforcement officials, policy reports from organizations such as INTERPOL and Europol, and summit records. Secondary data will consist of academic journal articles, books, and official documents on international policing cooperation.

 

Limitations of the Research

1. Access to Primary Data: Some law enforcement reports may be classified or restricted.

2. Dynamic Nature of Policing Strategies: International security cooperation constantly evolves, which may limit the study’s applicability over time.

3. Comparative Analysis Challenges: Differences in policing structures across regions may complicate comparisons.

Soft Power in Policing

Initial Research Plan

· Phase 1 (Months 1-2): Literature review and theoretical framework development.

· Phase 2 (Months 2-4): Data collection from primary and secondary sources.

· Phase 3 (Months 4-6): Data analysis and comparative evaluation.

· Phase 4 (Months 6-7): Writing the thesis and integrating findings.

· Phase 5 (Month 8): Revising and finalizing the thesis.

 

Expected Outcomes

This research will provide insights into the role of soft power in cross-border policing and highlight best practices for enhancing international security cooperation. It aims to contribute to policy discussions on improving voluntary policing collaborations through training, officer exchanges, and informal agreements. The findings will offer recommendations for strengthening soft power strategies in global policing partnerships

 

References

1. Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Public Affairs.

2. Wilson III, E. J. (2008). Hard power, soft power, smart power. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1), 110-124.

3. RAND Corporation. (2022). Security Cooperation in a Strategic Competition. RAND Research Report.

4. Nye, J. S. (2021). Soft power: the evolution of a concept. Journal of Political Power, 14(1), 196-208.

5. Lai, H., & Lu, Y. (Eds.). (2012). China’s Soft Power and International Relations. Routledge.

6. Hunter, A. (2009). Soft Power: China on the Global Stage. Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2(3), 373-398.

7. Frontiers in Human Dynamics. (2023). Informal Agreements and Quasi-Legal Mechanisms in EU-Africa Cooperation on Migration.

8. American Progress. (2023). The Expanding International Reach of China’s Police.

9. Jstor.org. (2006). Does Soft Power Matter? A Comparative Analysis of Student Exchange Programs 1980–2006.

10. Cultural Diplomacy. (2021). The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations.

11. Zaiotti, R. (2023). Border Crossings as Soft Power: International Relations, Digital Diplomacy and the ‘Border Control Museum Complex’. International Journal of Migration and Border Studies.

12. Mutz, D. C., & Simmons, B. A. (2022). The Psychology of Separation: Border Walls, Soft Power, and International Neighborliness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

13. Gallagher, N. A. (2022). Esteem and Influence: Soft Power in International Politics. Global Affairs.

14. Tsourapas, G. (2020). Soft Power and Cross-Border Mobility in the Middle East. International Journal of Middle East Studies.

15. Lacy, M. J., & Mabon, S. (2023). Unlocking the Whole of Soft Power: A Quantum International Relations Approach. Global Affairs.

  • How do soft power strategies contribute to cross-border policing cooperation?,

  • What role do officer exchanges, training programs, and international policing summits play in fostering collaboration?,

  • What challenges hinder the effectiveness of soft power approaches in law enforcement?,

  • How do organizations such as INTERPOL and Europol leverage soft power in their security partnerships?,

  • What policy measures can enhance the role of soft power in global policing cooperation?