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June 20, 2025

TouchWell Storefront Presentation Analysis

read and analyze “Real-Life Research – TouchWell Storefront Concept and Naming Research,” in your textbook, pp. 359-365, then address the following questions in a 4 page APA-formatted paper:

TouchWell Storefront Presentation Analysis

1. Comment on the general effectiveness of the presentation. Are the slides easy to understand? Do they effectively convey key information? What suggestions would you make for improving the presentation?

2. Comment on the “overall concept appeal” results. What does this slide convey? Does it provide a clear picture? What changes, if any, would you make in the presentation of this information?

3. Comment on the “naming comparison” results slide. A strong contingent of managers favor the TouchWell Care Café name. What would you say to them? What would be your first choice among the names tested based on the research findings? Second choice? Third choice?

4. How would your recommendations for services to offer differ based on the appeal of service? Likelihood to use service? Which one do you think is more important? 5. What would your recommendations be regarding key characteristics of the centers?

  • Are the presentation slides effective and easy to understand?,

  • What does the “Overall Concept Appeal” slide reveal?,

  • What insights does the “Naming Comparison” slide provide?,

  • Should service offerings be based more on appeal or likelihood of use?,

  • What key characteristics should be prioritized in designing the centers?

TouchWell Storefront Presentation Analysis

Cite six (6) peer-reviewed articles, not including your textbook.

1. Slide Effectiveness and Presentation Quality

The TouchWell Storefront Concept presentation overall is moderately effective in conveying its core ideas. The slide deck is structured clearly, with section titles that allow easy navigation between ideas. However, while the layout is clean and simple, some slides could benefit from improved visual hierarchy and the use of more engaging graphics. The text-heavy nature of a few slides can impede readability, especially when conveying complex data. Simplifying dense slides and incorporating icons or visuals to support key findings would help sustain viewer attention and make the content more accessible.

For example, the slide summarizing respondent feedback could integrate more visual elements like pie charts or infographics, which tend to be more engaging than bullet points. Moreover, using consistent color coding for different data sets throughout the slides would improve cohesion. Finally, transitions between slides could be smoother, with brief context or summaries to reinforce the message.

2. Evaluation of the “Overall Concept Appeal” Slide

The “Overall Concept Appeal” slide offers valuable insight into how well the audience received the TouchWell concept. This slide quantifies consumer attitudes toward the brand idea, typically using bar or Likert-scale charts. The results reflect a generally favorable perception, but the slide could do more to contextualize why respondents felt the way they did.

The slide would benefit from a brief qualitative summary or a few quoted responses from participants, helping to connect numerical data with actual sentiments. Additionally, segmenting results by demographic (e.g., age or location) might reveal important variations in appeal that could inform targeting strategies.

3. Naming Comparison and Brand Preferences

TouchWell Storefront Presentation Analysis

The “Naming Comparison” slide reveals that while several names were tested, a significant portion of managers prefers “TouchWell Care Café.” However, the research shows other names may test better in terms of consumer resonance. If I were addressing these managers, I would remind them that branding decisions should be consumer-driven. A name that resonates with customers will likely yield stronge

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Renaissance and Its Key Figures

Define the term “Renaissance,” and explain why that period in Western history is referred to as such.  Identify some of the major figures (at least three) associated with the Renaissance, and discuss their contributions to history.

Renaissance and Its Key Figures

When answering the question, please be sure to document your sources (even if you just use the textbook), using the format (MLA, APA, Chicago, etc.) you’re most familiar with.  Because the Discussion Board is somewhat informal, you’re free to use the style you’re most accustomed to using when documenting sources.  Additionally, please work to answer the question using YOUR OWN WORDS as much as possible.  Occasionally using direct quotations from the textbook is okay/acceptable, but most of your answer should be written in your own words (use of AI is NOT permitted).  It’s really not your own work if you just copy your answer from the textbook (or other sources), even if you use quotation marks and citations, and will thus be scored accordingly.  

  1. What is the definition of the term “Renaissance”?,

  2. Why is this historical period referred to as a “rebirth”?,

  3. Who are three major figures of the Renaissance?,

  4. What contributions did these individuals make to history?,

  5. Why is understanding the Renaissance important to Western history?

Renaissance and Its Key Figures

The term “Renaissance” comes from the French word meaning rebirth. It refers to the cultural, intellectual, and artistic revival that began in Italy during the 14th century and spread across Europe over the next two centuries. This period is called a “rebirth” because it marked a renewed interest in the classical learning and achievements of ancient Greece and Rome after the relative stagnation of the Middle Ages. It was a time when scholars, artists, and thinkers began to value human experience, individual achievement, and the study of the humanities — subjects like literature, philosophy, and history — which came to be known as studia humanitatis (Brotton, 2006).

The Renaissance was not just about art; it also included advances in science, politics, literature, and education. It fostered a new spirit of inquiry, secularism, and humanism — the belief that humans have value and potential and can shape their world through reason and creativity (Hunt et al., 2013).


Major Figures of the Renaissance and Their Contributions

1. Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519)
Leonardo is often considered the ultimate “Renaissance man” because of his vast talents in art, science, engineering, and anatomy. He is best known for paintings such as The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, which display masterful use of perspective and human emotion. But Leonardo also sketched designs for inventions like flying machines and tanks, showing his keen interest in how the world worked. His notebooks combine scientific observation and artistic imagination, capturing the Renaissance ideal of combining art and science (Kemp, 2006).

Renaissance and Its Key Figures

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Progressive Era Legacy

Prepare a PowerPoint Presentation on the Legacy of the Progressive Era. Using resources from the Topic 6 Readings, including your textbook, materials provided by your instructor through class discussion, and materials from the GCU Library Guide for HIS-144 US History Themes, prepare your PowerPoint with the following areas of focus: Regulation of Business, Greater Democracy, Conservationism, the Rise of Professionalism, and Prohibition. The PowerPoint should be five to six slides (a minimum of one for each area) and include slide notes of 100-200 words for each. Additionally, include a title, introduction, and reference slide(s), which do not count toward the five to six slide totals. Each response should show good writing mechanics, grammar, formatting, and proper citations at the end of each question/response.

  1. Progressive Era LegacyWhat was the impact of Progressive Era business regulation?

  2. How did the Progressive Era expand democracy?,

  3. What role did conservationism play in this period?,

  4. How did professionalism rise during the Progressive Era?,

  5. What were the causes and consequences of Prohibition?

Progressive Era Legacy

  • Early 20th-century movement

  • Aimed to address problems of industrialization, urbanization, and corruption

  • Lasting influence on American governance and society

Slide Notes (100–200 words):
The Progressive Era (1890s–1920s) was a time of widespread social, political, and economic reform in response to the excesses of the Gilded Age. Progressives sought to use government action to correct injustices and improve the lives of average Americans. The movement tackled issues such as monopolistic business practices, poor working conditions, political corruption, environmental degradation, and social vices. Reformers included journalists, politicians, middle-class citizens, and emerging professionals. Their work resulted in major shifts in how American society functioned, setting precedents for future reform movements. This presentation explores five key areas influenced by the Progressive Era: the regulation of business, expansion of democracy, conservationism, professionalism, and Prohibition.


🟦 Slide 3: Regulation of Business

Slide Text:

  • Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) & Clayton Act (1914)

  • Creation of FTC in 1914

  • Breakup of monopolies (e.g., Standard Oil)

Slide Notes:
One of the hallmark achievements of the Progressive Era was the regulation of big business. Progressive reformers viewed unchecked corporate power as a threat to democratic governance and fair competition. Antitrust legislation like the Sherman Act and later the Clayton Act was designed to dismantle monopolies and prevent abusive practices. President Theodore Roosevelt, known as a “trust buster,” actively pursued cases against large corporations such as Standard Oil and Northern Securities. The creation of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) institutionalized federal oversight of trade practices, protecting consumers and promoting fair competition. These efforts set the foundation for modern regulatory frameworks in the U.S. economy.

Progressive Era Legacy

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Role of Government Debate

) What should the role of government be: A positive good or a necessary evil?  Why?

Paper Assignments:

Role of Government Debate

A) Paper has to be 3 – 4 pages long

B) It has to be double space and one-inch margins on all sides

C) It has to be typed in Times New Roman Font (12)

D) Written in MLA format and it must contain a separate Works Cited page. Needs to have at least 4 citations from 4 different reputable sources within your paper.

E) No Wikipedia is allowed.

F) You must provide statistical and/or specific current or historical events or facts to augment your thesis.

  • Is the government a positive good or a necessary evil and why?,

  • What arguments support the opposing view of your chosen stance?,

  • What are the main arguments supporting your chosen position?,

  • What historical or current events support your position?,

  • What reputable sources can be used to support your claims?

 

Role of Government Debate

In the first paragraph you must include the one you choose if it’s a positive good /or necessary evil.

The arguments of both must be included, but focus and stating facts more on the side you choose

IMPORTANT: MLA format

MLA Format | Position: Government as a Positive Good

Thesis Statement: Government should be viewed as a positive good because it safeguards individual rights, provides essential services, maintains social order, and enables societal progress through collective action.


Introduction

Debates over the role of government have persisted since the founding of democratic societies. Some regard it as a “necessary evil”—a force that must be limited to prevent tyranny—while others see it as a “positive good,” necessary to promote justice and protect public welfare. I argue that government is a positive good. Though it can be misused, the government plays a vital role in ensuring social cohesion, enabling economic development, and defending citizens’ rights. This essay will examine both perspectives but focus primarily on why the government is essential for a functioning and just society.


Arguments for Government as a Necessary Evil

Those who argue that government is a necessary evil often cite the risk of government overreach and loss of personal freedom. This view, most famously associated with Thomas Paine and many American Founding Fathers, emphasizes the idea that while some government is necessary to avoid chaos, it should be strictly limited. They argue that centralized power, unchecked, leads to tyranny. Historical examples, such as the British monarchy’s abuses before the American Revolution or the surveillance practices of authoritarian regimes like North Korea, fuel this concern (Paine, Common Sense).

Additionally, some libertarian thinkers argue that government interference in markets and personal lives hinders innovation and freedom, preferring voluntary action and minimal regulation (Nozick 98). These fears are not baseless, but they assume an idealized vision of self-governance that often fails in complex, modern societies.


Arguments for Government as a Positive Good

Viewing government as a positive good acknowledges its essential role in protecting individual rights and promoting the common good. Governments establish and uphold laws that protect citizens from violence, fraud, and exploitation. For instance, civil rights legislation in the 1960s—such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964—would not have occurred without strong federal government action (U.S. National Archives). Left to private or state actors alone, systemic discrimination likely would have continued unchecked.

Moreover, modern governments provide critical services such as public education, healthcare, infrastructure, and disaster response. During the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, government-led initiatives such as vaccine distribution, stimulus aid, and public health guidance saved millions of lives (CDC, 2021). These collective efforts illustrate the scale of organization and resources only government can marshal effectively.

Historically, Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal during the Great Depression showcased how government could be a force for economic recovery, job creation, and social stability (Kennedy 57). Programs like Social Security, established in 1935, continue to support millions of elderly and disabled Americans today.


Balancing Power with Accountability

Proponents of limited government are correct to demand transparency and accountability—but these principles are not incompatible with strong governance. Rather, they are features of well-designed democratic institutions. Effective governments function with checks and balances, such as independent courts, free press, and civil society participation. These mechanisms are not only protections against abuse but tools that strengthen government legitimacy and responsiveness (Dahl 115).

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Translating National Purpose

Essay #1: Using our INTR 3200-PSCI 6630 Strategy Formulation Graphic, explain why it is essential for a national security policymaker to understand all of the aspects that translate National Purpose into Strategic Vision.

Translating National Purpose

Translating National Purpose

The goal is for you to author an appropriately researched and formatted argumentative essay that answers the question posed in the assignment. Each essay is to be about 2000 words. Footnotes or endnotes are required; Author-Date In-text Citations must include page numbers. e.g. (Smith, 154). The content is to be typed, double-spaced, in font 12. The assignment must have appropriate footnotes or endnotes in Chicago (preferred), APA, or MLA style documentation. A bibliography is required. Ensure your PDF version correctly displays your footnotes or endnotes after converting to PDF. The cover page, endnotes, and bibliography (if used) do not count in the word count. The naming convention for the PDF file is lastnamePSCI6630essay#.pdf (the last name being the student’s last name and Essay # being, e.g., Essay#1, Essay#2, etc.) All submissions must include the student’s name, course number, and title on the cover page.

Guidelines for Grading Your Essays: The highest grades will go to appropriately structured essays that accomplish the following: 1) substantively answers the question (60% of the grade); 2) correctly uses concepts and terminology from the class (20% of the grade); 3) is grammatically correct and error-free (10% of the grade). Following these submission directions precisely is worth 10% of the grade.

Translating National Purpose

  • Why must national security policymakers understand all aspects from National Purpose to Strategic Vision?,

  • What is the significance of the Strategy Formulation Graphic in national strategy development,

  • How does National Purpose inform National Interests and Objectives?,

  • What role do Ends, Ways, and Means play in strategic vision formulation?,

  • How can misunderstanding this process lead to ineffective or misaligned national security policy?

  • How can misunderstanding this process lead to ineffective or misaligned national security policy?
June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

IPB Analysis & Application

have attached the reference document that is needed in order to answer the questions. No AI should be detected. Also, each question should be provided with reference.

Reference:

Department of the Army. (2019). Intelligence preparation of the battlefield (ATP 2-01.3)

IPB Analysis & Application

Q1. Describe and explain how commanders and staff analyze factors such as determine specified, implied, and essential tasks & review available assets and identify resource shortfalls when constructing a comprehensive operational understanding. Provide examples, whether real-world or hypothetical from our rich military history to illustrate how effective analysis at this stage contributes to informed decision-making and course of action development.

Q2.   Describe and explain how commanders and staff analyze factors such as determine constraints, identify critical facts, and develop assumptions of mission analysis. Provide examples, whether real-world or hypothetical from our rich military history to illustrate how effective analysis at this stage contributes to informed decision-making and course of action development. Describe the tasks in detail and relate how these tasks tie in with other steps within MDMP.

IPB Analysis & Application

Q3. Describe and explain what it means when Commanders and Staff analyze the Environmental Effects on Operations of the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) process. Describe the sub-steps: How the threat can affect friendly operations and How terrain can affect friendly and threat operations in detail and use example(s) to support your explanation.

IPB Analysis & Application

Q4. Describe and explain what it means when commanders and staff analyze step 3, evaluate the threat during intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB). Describe the sub-steps: Create or refine threat models and Identify threat capabilities in detail and use examples to support your explanation.

  • How do commanders identify specified, implied, and essential tasks and assess resource shortfalls?,

  • How are constraints, critical facts, and assumptions analyzed during mission analysis?,

  • What is the role of environmental effects in the IPB process, and how do they influence operations?,

  • How do commanders evaluate threats, including creating/refining threat models and identifying capabilities?,

  • How does effective analysis support informed decision-making and course of action (COA) development?

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Roots of Egyptian Authoritarianism

at least four or five paragraphs, please answer the following question. Please clearly state your argument and support it with points from the class discussions and readings. Please be as thorough and specific as possible. • What factors related to the state formation of Egypt explain its authoritarianism?

  • Roots of Egyptian Authoritarianism
  • What is your central argument about Egypt’s authoritarianism?,

  • How did Egypt’s geography shape centralized power?,

  • What role did Egypt’s early bureaucracy play in state formation?,

  • How did religion and ideology support authoritarian structures?,

  • How did colonial and post-colonial developments reinforce authoritarianism?

Roots of Egyptian Authoritarianism

Argument: Egypt’s authoritarianism stems from the early formation of a centralized state shaped by geography, administrative structure, religion, and reinforced by colonial and post-colonial legacies.

The origins of Egypt’s authoritarianism can be traced to its unique geography, especially the narrow Nile Valley, which allowed for the early emergence of a centralized state. With almost all agricultural activity confined to the narrow strip along the Nile, Egypt’s population has historically been concentrated and relatively easy to govern from a central authority. Unlike societies that developed across diverse, fragmented terrains, Egypt’s landscape fostered political unity, predictability, and administrative control—ideal conditions for early autocratic rule.

This geographic centralization led to the development of a powerful bureaucracy in ancient Egypt. The Pharaoh, seen as a divine ruler, maintained a vast administrative system to oversee irrigation, resource distribution, labor, and construction of monumental architecture. This early institutional complexity enabled the state to exert control over nearly every aspect of life. Over time, this deep-rooted bureaucratic tradition discouraged local autonomy or participatory governance, favoring top-down control and long-term political continuity.

Religion played an essential role in legitimizing authoritarian power. Pharaohs were not only political leaders but also religious figures seen as gods or mediators between gods and people. This sacred status made dissent not just unlawful but sacrilegious. Even after the decline of divine kingship, the cultural residue of absolute loyalty to the ruler remained embedded in Egypt’s political mindset. It became common for rulers to assume moral and political superiority, justifying control in the name of unity and national strength.

Colonial and post-colonial influences further solidified authoritarian tendencies. British colonial authorities maintained Egypt’s central administrative structure for their own purposes, discouraging democratic developments. After independence, leaders like Gamal Abdel Nasser used military power and nationalism to create a highly centralized regime. Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarak all built strong security states, suppressed political opposition, and ruled under emergency laws. These leaders portrayed themselves as protectors of the nation, a narrative inherited from ancient and colonial models of centralized authority.

In conclusion, Egypt’s authoritarianism is not simply a modern political issue—it is a continuation of longstanding patterns tied to the country’s early state formation. Geography encouraged centralized rule, bureaucratic systems entrenched it, religion legitimized it, and modern regimes preserved it. Understanding these layered historical factors helps explain why authoritarian governance remains deeply embedded in Egyptian political life.

Roots of Egyptian Authoritarianism

June 20, 2025

Revolutionary Expectations vs. Realities

Week 4 Study Unit

Read, Think, and, Write, and Discuss

· American Yawp, Chapter 5.

Primary Sources

· Petition for FreedomLinks to an external site. 1777

· Rebel’s Statement from Gabriel’s ConspiracyLinks to an external site.

· Excerpts from  “The Gabriel Insurrection”  Download “The Gabriel Insurrection” in  Calendar of Virginia State Papers and Other Manuscripts from January 1, 1799, to December 31, 1807; Preserved in the Capital, at Richmond, ed. H. W. Flournoy (Richmond, 1890)

·   Lucy Knox to Henry Knox  Download Lucy Knox to Henry Knox 23 August 1777

·   Sarah Osborn Recalls Her Experiences in the Revolutionary WarLinks to an external site. ,Links to an external site. 1837

Revolutionary Expectations vs. Realities

Once you have read this week’s chapter in  American Yawp and the primary sources listed in the links above, consider again the question from your first writing assignment on  expectations and outcomes. How do this week’s readings shape your understanding of early Americans’ expectations versus their lived experiences? Do this week’s readings support your earlier argument? Do they make you rethink it? Revise your argument as necessary (again, underline your thesis statement) and add to your essay in Writing Assignment 1 using at least 3 of the primary sources from this week as support.

Revolutionary Expectations vs. Realities

As you analyze this week’s sources and textbook chapter, consider the following:

· How did African Americans understand and use ideas and strategies from the American Revolution to challenge their enslaved status?

· Lucy Knox and Sarah Osborn were two women who lived through the American Revolution. How did their experiences compare?

Revolutionary Expectations vs. Realities

  1. How do this week’s readings affect your view of early Americans’ expectations vs. lived experiences?,

  2. Do the new sources support or challenge your original argument?,

  3. How did African Americans use Revolutionary ideals to resist enslavement?,

  4. How do Lucy Knox’s and Sarah Osborn’s wartime experiences compare?,

  5. What revisions can you make to your original thesis using new evidence?

June 20, 2025
June 20, 2025

Art Museum Report Guide

The objective of this project is to see works in person, research into the object(s) or artwork for background information, and discuss its purpose and importance in the history of art.

The Project counts for 10% of your grade. Please see the Rubric below for information on how the paper is to be graded.

A visit to an art museum and a report of that visit is required.

Art Museum Report Guide

Alternatively, a student may not have physical access to a museum in his/her area and a virtual visit may be arranged with the instructor’s prior approval. Many museums have virtual visits, some are listed with the Google Arts and Culture project partners. Some of these have a virtual walkthrough and a Google Arts & Culture app is available for virtual reality tours. The following list contains examples of museum resources to explore and choose from:

· The MET Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History (Essays and Works of Art)

Art Museum Report Guide

Pergamon Museum , Germany

The British Museum , London

Acropolis Museum , Greece

The Catedral de Santiago Foundation , Spain

Grotte Chauvet/Chauvet Cave , France

Museo della Civiltà Romana , Italy

The British Library , London

Museum of Cycladic Art , Greece

Mev Museu d’Art Medieval , Spain

The report must discuss one artwork, including the style and time period in which the artwork was created. The report should be three to five typed pages saved in MS Word document or as a PDF. using MLA (Modern Language Association) format. It must include the information listed in the following outline:

I. Chosen Artwork

a. Name and location of the museum

b. Name of exhibition

c. Name of artist or group associated with if there is no artist name

d. Title of work

e. Dimensions of work

f. Media

g. Date or time period created

h. Art movement, period, or region if it is ancient

i. Place of origin

j. Manner of display

II. Description of Artwork

a. A description of the work (what does it look like, include things that would allow people to recognize it)

b. An analysis of the work

i. To understand how to analyze, two references should be researched before starting:

· Introduction to art historical analysis  (article from Smarthistory)

· How to do a visual (formal) analysis  (video from Smarthistory)

ii. Elements of Art (describe types of lines, marks, tones, textures, colors, etc.)

iii. Principles of Art (describe placement of elements, symmetry, movement, sense of weight, etc.)

III. Response to Artwork

Art Museum Report Guide

a. Your personal reaction to the work (how do you feel when you see it, what does it remind you of, would it be difficult to replicate, etc.).

b. Additional interesting information (is there some background about the object we should know about such as materials it’s made of, how it came to be, or its utilitarian use).

IV. Images

a. Proof of concept—you will need to take a selfie on location and/or informational literature such as a brochure or pamphlet from the exhibit or museum OR if using an alternative museum resource (with prior approval), provide the online URL of the location of the museum resources and/or virtual visit and a screenshot of the website it was obtained from.

b. Photo/card/slide of Artwork (if a work is not allowed to be photographed, research to find one, or find it in a brochure or other materials from the museum.) Any images obtained from online resources must provide proper credit and licensing whether it is a Creative Commons License or Public Domain.

V. References

The paper is to include:

· Cover page with Title, location of the works chosen, date visited, and your name.

· A well-written and edited three to five-page paper which is to be  single-spaced, paragraph indented  or double-spaced between paragraphs, 12 pt text in a serif font (either Georgia, Palatino, Minion, or Times/Times Roman).

· Quoted material: No more than 15% of the written paper may be directly copied and included in the total work. The quoted portion must be cited in the bibliography.

· The paper should include an overview of what the object or exhibition is about, the materials and techniques used in the work, your research into the background and history of the work, the work’s significance in the arts, and your personal observations about the work, such as what made you choose this work, how you feel about the work, how it impact you or others.

· A page with images of the art, artifact, or an example of art from the exhibition printed either in color or black and white with caption labels.

· A bibliography of references where you found your research.

Suggested Schedule: (Note: This is for a 16 week-course, you should adjust the schedule accordingly for a shorter course.)

· Weeks 1-4 Visit a museum or exhibit, take notes, and gather resources.

· Weeks 5-8 Write the outline and the first draft.

· Weeks 9-12 Add more in-depth information and revisions to the first & second drafts.

· Weeks 13-15 Finish proofreading and finalize the paper.

Check the local or regional museum, gallery, or arts organization offerings.

  1. What artwork did you choose, and where is it located?,

  2. What are the style, time period, and materials of the artwork?,

  3. How can you describe and analyze the artwork formally?,

  4. What is your personal response to the artwork?,

  5. What supporting materials and references are included in your report?

June 19, 2025
June 19, 2025

U.S. Anti-Poverty Program Review

Choose one of the options:

Option 1: Many social policies or programs exist to  address mobility and poverty in the United States. Pick three policies  and/or programs, and , describe each of them, their  history, and the impacts they had on the community. Critique each and  make at least two suggestions per program to improve its effectiveness  in your community. Be sure to support your work with credible web  sources, including the program home page.

U.S. Anti-Poverty Program Review

U.S. Anti-Poverty Program Review

Option 2: Using your community’s census and  government data, describe the reality of social class and social  mobility in your hometown. , discuss the primary  factors that influence social mobility and consider how these factors  have changed over time. For example, consider industries that were once  common in your town compared to current industries. Or examine housing  prices or wages over time. Be sure to support your work with credible  resources.

U.S. Anti-Poverty Program Review

  1. What are three U.S. programs that address poverty and mobility?,

  2. What is the history and purpose of each program? ,

  3. How has each program impacted the community?,

  4. What are two improvements for each program?,

  5. What sources support this information?

Program 1: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Description & History:
SNAP, formerly known as “food stamps,” began with the Food Stamp Act of 1964, aimed at addressing hunger and improving nutrition among low-income Americans. Administered by the USDA, the program provides monthly benefits via an electronic card that can be used to buy groceries.

Impact on Community:
SNAP helps over 40 million Americans annually. In low-income areas, it improves food security and can stimulate local economies by increasing spending in grocery stores. In children, it has been linked to improved health and academic outcomes.

Critique:

  • Challenge: Benefits often run out before the end of the month.

  • Challenge: Stigma deters eligible people from applying.

Two Suggestions for Improvement:

  1. Adjust benefits for inflation and local cost-of-living differences.

  2. Provide nutrition education and community outreach to reduce stigma and increase program awareness.

Credible Source:
USDA SNAP Homepage


Program 2: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

Description & History:
TANF replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program in 1996 under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. It provides cash assistance and work support to families with children.

Impact on Community:
TANF offers emergency aid and job support to low-income families. However, due to limited funding and strict time limits, only a small percentage of eligible families receive help. The program varies significantly by state.

Critique:

  • Challenge: Lifetime limits may harm families during economic downturns.

  • Challenge: Work requirements can create barriers rather than support mobility.

Two Suggestions for Improvement:

  1. Increase federal funding and adjust time limits during recessions.

  2. Expand job training and educational support rather than punitive work mandates.

Credible Source:
HHS TANF Overview


Program 3: Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)

Description & History:
The EITC was created in 1975 to incentivize work and offset payroll taxes for low-to-moderate-income families. It is a refundable tax credit, meaning workers can receive more money back than they paid in.

Impact on Community:
The EITC lifts more children out of poverty than any other federal program and promotes employment. It is credited with boosting family incomes and increasing labor force participation.

Critique:

  • Challenge: Many eligible workers don’t claim the credit.

  • Challenge: Single adults receive minimal benefits compared to families.

Two Suggestions for Improvement:

  1. Increase outreach and simplify filing for eligible participants.

  2. Expand benefits for childless workers and young adults under 25.

Credible Source:
IRS EITC Information