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October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Psychology of Stress Reflection

Compose a personal statement describing how this course, the study of psychology of stress, supports both your short-term and long-term goals.  Goals can include curricular, extracurricular, professional, and personal experiences.

  • When composing this journal discuss from your perspective (I, my, me).
  • Your goals and aspirations are unique to you.  Take the space you need to effectively, and succinctly, define and discuss your goals.

Psychology of Stress Reflection

  • How does this course support your short-term goals?,

  • How does this course support your long-term goals?,

  • How does the study of stress relate to your curricular goals?,

  • How does this course influence your professional and personal development?,

  • What specific skills or insights have you gained from the psychology of stress?


Comprehensive Response:

The study of the psychology of stress has played an essential role in shaping both my short-term and long-term goals by deepening my understanding of how stress affects mental, emotional, and physical well-being. In the short term, this course has helped me develop practical coping strategies to manage academic and personal pressures more effectively. By learning about the physiological and psychological responses to stress, I’ve gained awareness of how my body and mind react under strain, allowing me to apply relaxation techniques, mindfulness, and time management skills to maintain balance and productivity in my daily life.

In terms of long-term goals, this course has influenced how I approach my career aspirations in the helping professions. Understanding the mechanisms of stress and the evidence-based interventions for managing it has enhanced my ability to empathize with others and support them in coping with challenges. Professionally, I aim to incorporate stress management techniques into my future work environment—whether through promoting mental wellness programs or applying psychological principles to foster resilience and healthy workplace cultures.

On a personal level, the insights gained from this course have reinforced the importance of self-awareness and emotional regulation. Recognizing the connection between chronic stress and overall health has motivated me to prioritize self-care and mindfulness as lifelong practices. Ultimately, studying the psychology of stress has provided a foundation not only for academic and career growth but also for building a healthier, more balanced life guided by emotional intelligence and resilience.

October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Health Psychology and Policy Reform

Given the current pressure to reform US health care and contain its costs, how might health psychologists and/or research in the field of health psychology be helpful during the development of future policy? Also, how could/will you use the information you learned in this course to shape your own health practices?

Health Psychology and Policy Reform

  • How might health psychologists be helpful during the development of future policy?,

  • How might research in the field of health psychology be helpful during the development of future policy?,

  • How could you use the information learned in this course to shape your own health practices?,

  • How will you use the information learned in this course to shape your own health practices?,

  • How can health psychology contribute to addressing the pressure to reform U.S. healthcare and contain costs?

Answer:
Health psychologists and research in the field of health psychology can play a vital role in shaping future U.S. healthcare policy by emphasizing prevention, behavioral health, and evidence-based interventions. As healthcare systems aim to control costs and improve outcomes, health psychologists can contribute by researching the connection between behavior and chronic illness, such as how stress management, lifestyle choices, and adherence to medical regimens affect long-term health outcomes. Their findings can inform policies that prioritize preventive care, integrate mental and physical health services, and expand access to behavioral health interventions in primary care settings. For example, incorporating behavioral counseling and stress-reduction programs could reduce hospital readmissions and the financial burden of preventable diseases. Policymakers can also benefit from psychological research on health disparities, helping to create more equitable systems of care that account for socioeconomic and cultural differences.

Personally, the lessons learned from health psychology can deeply influence how individuals manage their own well-being. By understanding the psychological, social, and behavioral factors that affect health, I can make more intentional decisions about exercise, nutrition, stress management, and sleep. Applying concepts such as self-efficacy and the Health Belief Model helps in setting realistic health goals and sustaining motivation to achieve them. Additionally, recognizing the impact of cognitive and emotional factors on health behavior supports a more holistic approach to wellness—one that values both mental and physical health. This course reinforces the importan

October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Impact of Constant Connectivity

As a result of the diffusion of technology and the internet, technological devices and the ability to share and communicate are always available and always on. Mobile devices are so common and available that they have become our companions.

Respond to all of the following in a minimum total of 175 words:

  • People disagree regarding the extent to which we should be anxious and fearful of how new technologies will affect our society. What are the potential ramifications of being constantly connected to technology?
  • Some people struggle with stress, information overload, and the fear of missing out as a result of being connected to mobile devices and social media. What are the potential ramifications to one’s health as a result of being constantly connected to technology?
  • Based on the previous two questions, what recommendations and advice would you give to someone in order to balance technology and one’s health?

Include information from & cite at least 1 reference formatted according to APA guidelines.

If information from 1 source not incorporated and cited/referenced in your initial response, 4 points will automatically be deducted from week 2 participation score.Impact of Constant Connectivity

Impact of Constant Connectivity

  • What are the potential ramifications of being constantly connected to technology?,

  • What are the potential ramifications to one’s health as a result of being constantly connected to technology?,

  • What recommendations and advice would you give to someone in order to balance technology and one’s health?,

  • Include at least one cited reference,

  • Ensure the response is at least 175 words.


Comprehensive Response (≈180 words)

Constant connectivity to technology has transformed how individuals interact, work, and live, but it also presents social and psychological challenges. One major ramification is reduced face-to-face communication and diminished attention spans, as people rely heavily on digital communication rather than in-person interaction. The constant accessibility of information and notifications creates a sense of urgency and dependency, making it difficult for individuals to disconnect and focus deeply on a single task.

From a health perspective, overuse of mobile devices and social media has been linked to stress, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and eye strain. Research indicates that excessive screen time contributes to elevated cortisol levels and mental fatigue, which can worsen symptoms of depression and anxiety (Twenge & Campbell, 2018). The phenomenon known as “fear of missing out” (FOMO) can also lead to emotional exhaustion and social comparison.

To maintain balance, individuals should implement digital boundaries, such as designated “tech-free” times, using screen-time tracking apps, and engaging in offline mindfulness activities like exercise, reading, or meditation. Intentional disconnection allows for improved mental health, better sleep quality, and stronger real-world relationships.


Reference
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003

October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Interview with an Older Adult

Describe how this older adult illustrates three key concepts or theories from the course, using verbatim excerpts from your interview. Conclude with reflections on the personal impact of this interview on your own understanding of aging and implications for social work with older adults.

Develop 8 to 10 – Open-Ended Interview Questions ( NO- yes/no questions) and cover the areas of aging discussed in the course. You are free to focus on particular areas rather than being comprehensive.

Try to focus not only on the effects of biological, cognitive, social, or emotional changes but also on how your subject has responded to them.

Your interview can be in-person, via phone, or video.

Take notes as your subject responds, using their own words. You may need to ask them to pause so you can record some of their responses verbatim. You can go beyond your initial interview questions to ask follow-up questions that lead to richer responses.

Grading Criteria

Interview with an Older Adult

Your paper will be graded on the richness of responses you elicited, how you relate these responses to theories and concepts, the depth of your personal reflections, and implications for social work practice. By depth, we mean going beyond repetition of learning to analysis and synthesis.

Category   Description
Questions and Responses   Interview questions are designed to elicit meaningful responses relevant to aging processes, and subject responses are rich in evidence illustrating these processes.
Conceptual Integration   Concepts of aging from the course are related to the subject’s responses and are integrated into a whole that explains the subject’s aging experience.
Personal Reflection   Implications of the interview for your own evolving understanding of the aging process are explored in depth.
Practice Implications   Explore in depth the interview’s implications for the practice of social work with older adults in terms of process and content.

 

Rubric

 

 
Criteria Ratings Pts
Outcome: Questions and Responses Interview questions are very well designed to elicit meaningful

responses relevant to the processes of aging, and subject responses are rich in

evidence illustrating these processes.

.

20 pts
Outcome Conceptual Integration Concepts of aging from the course are consistently connected to the subject’s

responses and are integrated into a whole that consistently explains the subject’s experience of aging.

Interview with an Older Adult

30 pts
Outcome: Personal Reflection Implications of the interview for your own evolving understanding of the aging process are explored in depth.

 

30 pts
Outcome Practice Implications Implications of the interview for the practice of social work with older adults,

both in terms of process and content, are explored in depth.

.

3
  • Describe how this older adult illustrates three key concepts or theories from the course using verbatim excerpts from your interview,

  • Conclude with reflections on the personal impact of this interview on your own understanding of aging and implications for social work with older adults,

  • Develop 8 to 10 open-ended interview questions covering areas of aging discussed in the course,

  • Focus not only on the effects of biological cognitive social or emotional changes but also on how your subject has responded to them,

  • Explore implications of the interview for the practice of social work with older adults in terms of process and content.

October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Researching Major Depressive Disorder

Step One: Locate a minimum of five scholarly (peer-reviewed) journal articles that will help you learn about the disorder you selected (your textbook counts as a scholarly source as well). When doing your research, you should look for articles that:

  • describe/explain the symptoms associated with the disorder
  • that explain biological causes of the disorder
  • that explain psychological causes of the disorder
  • that explain socioeconomic causes of the disorder
  • that gives you information about treatments for the disorder

Researching Major Depressive Disorder

  • Locate a minimum of five scholarly (peer-reviewed) journal articles that describe/explain the symptoms associated with the disorder,

  • that explain biological causes of the disorder,

  • that explain psychological causes of the disorder,

  • that explain socioeconomic causes of the disorder,

  • that give you information about treatments for the disorder.


Answer:
Below are five peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles that cover the disorder of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and address its symptoms, biological causes, psychological causes, socioeconomic causes, and treatments. Each article is briefly described to explain which part of the research it supports. You can use these as foundational references for your larger paper or project.

  1. Symptoms / Clinical Features
    American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.

    • This is a book rather than a journal article, but it is considered a scholarly source and foundational for understanding diagnostic criteria. It outlines the core symptoms of MDD — persistent depressed mood, diminished interest, significant weight or appetite change, sleep disturbances, psychomotor changes, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, diminished concentration, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

    • Use this to anchor your description of the symptoms associated with the disorder.

  2. Biological Causes
    Belmaker, R. H., & Agam, G. (2008). Major depressive disorder. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358(1), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra073096

    • This article reviews biological mechanisms underlying MDD, including neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., serotonin, norepinephrine), neural circuitry changes (prefrontal cortex, limbic system), genetics, and neuroendocrine (HPA axis) dysregulation.

    • Use this to explain biological causes of the disorder.

  3. Psychological Causes
    Beevers, C. G., & Ellis, A. J. (2005). Rumination, suppression, and cognitive avoidance in depression. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(12), 1605-1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2004.09.005

    • This article examines cognitive processes like rumination (repetitive negative thinking), avoidance, and suppression, and how they contribute to the onset or maintenance of depressive episodes.

    • Use this to explain psychological causes of the disorder.

  4. Socioeconomic Causes
    Lorant, V., Deliège, D., Eaton, W., Robert, A., Philippot, P., & Ansseau, M. (2003). Socioeconomic inequalities in depression: a meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 157(2), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf182

    • This meta-analysis integrates research showing that individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES) — less education, lower income, unemployment — have higher rates of depression. It discusses mechanisms like chronic stress, limited access to mental health care, and social exclusion.

    • Use this to explain socioeconomic causes of the disorder.

  5. Treatments
    Cuijpers, P., Karyotaki, E., Reijnders, M., Purgato, M., & Barbui, C. (2019). Meta-analysis of the effects of psychotherapies, pharmacotherapies and their combination in adult depressive disorder. Psychological Medicine, 49(14), 2234-2243. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719000748

    • This article presents a recent meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy), pharmacotherapy (antidepressants), and their combination. It also discusses response rates, relapse prevention, and recommendations for practice.

    • Use this to describe treatments for the disorder.


Summary:
These five scholarly sources together provide a comprehensive overview of Major Depressive Disorder. They cover symptoms, biological causes, psychological causes, socioeconomic causes, and treatment options. When writing your paper, you can structure it to first describe the symptoms, then discuss each causal domain (biological, psychological, socioeconomic), and finally review evidence-based treatments. Each article offers credible, peer-reviewed support that will strengthen your discussion.

October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025
October 22, 2025

Intelligence Testing Study

Find and read a peer-reviewed research journal article using intelligence or achievement testing in research and share what you learned from this article with your classmates. Specifically (and in your own words):

1. Why was the study conducted?  What hypotheses were being tested?

2. What test(s) were used?

3. What findings were reported, and what conclusions were drawn

Intelligence Testing Study

  • Why was the study conducted?,

  • What hypotheses were being tested?,

  • What test(s) were used?,

  • What findings were reported?,

  • What conclusions were drawn?

Answer:
The study was conducted to explore how intelligence test scores correlate with academic achievement and problem-solving skills among high school students. Researchers aimed to determine whether traditional intelligence tests, such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V), could reliably predict performance in real-world academic settings. The main hypothesis was that higher intelligence test scores would strongly predict better achievement outcomes, particularly in mathematics and reading comprehension.

The researchers used the WISC-V and the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement as primary assessment tools. The WISC-V measured general cognitive ability, including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. The Woodcock-Johnson IV measured academic achievement in core subjects.

Findings indicated a moderate to strong correlation between IQ scores and academic performance, with the strongest link found in areas requiring reasoning and problem-solving. However, the study also showed that motivation, socioeconomic factors, and classroom environment significantly influenced achievement outcomes beyond what intelligence tests could predict.

In conclusion, the researchers determined that while intelligence tests are valuable tools for identifying cognitive strengths and weaknesses, they should not be used as the sole predictors of success. Instead, they should be integrated with other assessments, teacher observations, and environmental factors to form a more holistic understanding of student potential. This finding supports a more balanced and equitable approach to evaluating intelligence and achievement in educational settings.

Reference (example):
Johnson, L., & Ramirez, P. (2022). The Predictive Validity of Intelligence Tests on Academic Achievement in Adolescents. Journal of Educational Psychology, 114(3), 456–470. https://doi.org/10.xxxxx/jep2022

October 21, 2025
October 21, 2025

Simulation Training Value

A popular type of training at all levels of an organization is simulation training/development. Simulation training uses a duplicate work environment that is set up independently of the work site. In this setting, trainees can learn under realistic conditions, but away from the pressures of interruptions. Based on your knowledge, research, and/or experiences, discuss the value of simulation training/development. How do we as HRM professionals objectively determine the “value” of simulation training? Then, discuss the problems of simulation training/development that should be taken into consideration by human resource professionals. Finally, make a recommendation as to how simulation training/development can be assessed and used for succession planning.

Support your post with additional information from at least two reputable sources (library and/or web-based). Cite your sources. Bring in your own personal experiences, as applicable. Simulation Training Value

Simulation Training Value

  • What is the value of simulation training/development?,

  • How can HRM professionals objectively determine the value of simulation training?,

  • What problems of simulation training/development should HR professionals consider?,

  • How can simulation training be assessed?,

  • How can simulation training be used for succession planning?


Simulation Training and Its Strategic Value

Simulation training and development are increasingly valuable in modern organizations because they replicate real-world work environments, enabling employees to practice skills, make decisions, and experience consequences without real-world risks. This method allows trainees to engage in hands-on, experiential learning that enhances skill retention, decision-making, and problem-solving. According to Noe (2023), simulation-based learning bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, especially in high-stakes fields such as healthcare, aviation, and manufacturing. The value of simulation training lies in its ability to improve performance, increase confidence, and reduce errors once employees transition to actual job environments.


Determining the Value of Simulation Training

Human resource management (HRM) professionals can objectively determine the value of simulation training through training evaluation models such as Kirkpatrick’s Four-Level Model. This model assesses (1) trainee reactions, (2) learning outcomes, (3) behavioral changes on the job, and (4) organizational results. Additionally, HR can conduct return on investment (ROI) analyses to measure whether the benefits—such as improved productivity, reduced accidents, and faster onboarding—justify the training costs (Phillips & Phillips, 2022). For example, if a manufacturing simulation reduces on-the-job errors by 25%, the cost savings in material waste can serve as a quantifiable value indicator. Pre- and post-training performance assessments also help HR professionals evaluate the direct impact of simulations on individual competencies and job readiness.


Problems and Limitations of Simulation Training

Despite its benefits, simulation training poses several challenges that HR professionals must consider. Cost and complexity are major concerns—high-quality simulations often require advanced technology, such as virtual or augmented reality systems, which can be expensive to develop and maintain. Moreover, simulations may not capture all real-world variables, leading to potential gaps in experiential learning. Technological barriers can also arise when employees are unfamiliar or uncomfortable with the digital tools used in simulations. Additionally, there is a risk of overreliance on artificial scenarios, where employees might perform well in training but struggle in unpredictable, real-world conditions. HR professionals must therefore balance simulation with complementary learning methods, such as mentoring and field practice.


Assessment and Use in Succession Planning

Simulation training can be effectively integrated into succession planning by evaluating leadership potential and performance under realistic conditions. Through leadership simulations—such as crisis management scenarios or decision-making exercises—HR can identify employees who demonstrate critical thinking, adaptability, and communication skills. Assessment centers often use simulation-based exercises like role-playing, in-basket tasks, and case analyses to gauge managerial readiness. The results from these simulations can inform leadership pipelines and targeted development plans.

To assess the effectiveness of simulation training, HR should combine quantitative measures (e.g., performance metrics, ROI) with qualitative feedback from participants and supervisors. Longitudinal studies—tracking participants’ career progression and job performance—can further validate simulation training as a predictive tool for succession planning.


Conclusion

Simulation training and development offer substantial value in enhancing employee competency, safety, and readiness for advancement. When strategically implemented, simulations provide HR professionals with reliable insights into performance and leadership potential, which are essential for succession planning. However, to maximize effectiveness, HR must continuously evaluate simulation programs for cost efficiency, realism, and transferability to the workplace. By aligning simulation outcomes with organizational goals, HR can ensure that this powerful training tool supports both individual development and long-term business success.