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August 21, 2025
August 21, 2025

Environment & Human Health

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Environment & Human Health

    1. Int’roduction: Des’cribe the environmental health to’pic you are going to res’earch.  Dis’cuss the importance or significance of the to’pic
    2. Environmental Impacts: Disc’uss the Environmental conditions and impacts related to your to’pic: water, air, land impacts.
    3. Human Impacts: Describe the human health impacts associated with your to’pic. Disc’uss any applicable Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology.
    4. Local relevance: Discuss the local relevance of the to’pic.  How does it impact Fresno County and the Central Valley?
    5. Laws and Regulations: Res’earch and discuss the applicable laws and regulations that attempt to mitigate the issues associated with the to’pic.  Who is responsible for implementation?  You may include a discussion about the economic cost of implementing the regulation.
    6. Looking forward: What do you con’clude about the adequacy of public policy related to your to’pic.  What future measures may be taken to help address this issue?
  2. 3. Ref’erences

Environment & Human Health

  • Use peer rev’iewed ar’ticles or current publications from government agencies, res’earch organizations, or institutions.

USE THE OU’TLINE PROVIDED BELOW.  Environment & Human Health

  1. What environmental health topic will be researched and why is it significant?,

  2. What are the environmental conditions and impacts (air water land) related to this topic?,

  3. What are the human health impacts including connections to epidemiology and toxicology?,

  4. What is the local relevance of this topic for Fresno County and the Central Valley?,

  5. What laws regulations and future measures address this issue and are they adequate?

Comprehensive General Answer (Essay Framework)

Title Page (APA format example)

Air Pollution and Public Health: Impacts in Fresno County and the Central Valley
[Your Name]
[Institution Name]
[Course Title]
[Date]

Introduction

Air pollution is one of the most pressing environmental health challenges in the United States, particularly in California’s Central Valley. This paper examines the significance of air pollution as an environmental and public health concern, especially focusing on Fresno County. The region suffers some of the nation’s worst air quality due to geography, agricultural practices, industry, and transportation. Understanding the link between environmental degradation and human health is critical for advancing effective policies and community health outcomes.

Environmental Impacts

Air pollution affects multiple environmental domains:

  • Air quality: High levels of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and ozone are prevalent due to heavy vehicle emissions, agricultural burning, and trapped pollutants caused by valley topography.

  • Water quality: Airborne contaminants, such as nitrates and pesticides, can settle into water bodies, contributing to groundwater pollution.

  • Land impacts: Agricultural emissions, fertilizer use, and industrial activities degrade soil quality, contributing indirectly to air quality challenges through dust and pesticide drift.

August 21, 2025
August 21, 2025

Educational Standards Example

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Educational Standards Example

Locate a set of educational standards (e.g., GSE or other) for a subject and grade level. The standards should have standards and benchmarks. By standard, I mean “statements of what should be taught” (Butler & McMunn, 2014, p. 23). By benchmark, I mean explanations of “what students must do to meet the standards; they focus on explicit behavior or particular products” (Butler & McMunn, 2014, p. 23).

1. Briefly explain the context of the standard (e.g., 6th grade Earth Science, Georgia), and provide a hyperlink to any source material you used (if applicable).

2. Select one standard, and one benchmark, and write them down, labeling them appropriately.

Educational Standards Example

3. For the benchmark, I want you to look back into Chapter 1 of the textbook, and I want you to brainstorm a brief idea (1-2 sentence description) for a technology-enhanced assessment in line with each of the “assessment purposes” or types below:

A. Performance Assessment (Butler & McMunn, 2014, p. 5; and 59-62)

B. Product Assessment (Butler & McMunn, 2014, p. 5; and 52-59)

Educational Standards Example

  1. What is the context of the standard (subject grade state/system)?,

  2. What is one standard from that set?,

  3. What is one benchmark aligned with the chosen standard?,

  4. What is a technology-enhanced assessment idea for Performance Assessment?,

  5. What is a technology-enhanced assessment idea for Product Assessment?

Comprehensive General Answers

1. Context of the Standard

For this example, I’ll use 6th Grade Earth Science – Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE). These standards outline what middle school students should learn about Earth systems, geology, and environmental science.

2. Example Standard

Standard (S6E5): Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to show how Earth’s surface is formed.

3. Example Benchmark

Benchmark (S6E5a): Develop a model to demonstrate how the processes of deposition, weathering, and erosion change the surface of the Earth.

4. Technology-Enhanced Performance Assessment Idea

Students could use an interactive simulation tool (e.g., PhET or a GIS-based erosion simulator) to manipulate variables like rainfall, slope, or vegetation cover, and then demonstrate (via screen recording) how these factors impact erosion and deposition.

5. Technology-Enhanced Product Assessment Idea

Students could create a digital infographic or short video that visually represents how weathering, erosion, and deposition reshape Earth’s surface, embedding images or graphs from their simulation results. Educational Standards Example

August 21, 2025
August 21, 2025

Sedimentary Environments

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

  • What are the prominent depositional features formed at the mouths of canyons in Death Valley (Figure A)?,

  • What type of bedding is shown in the Navajo Sandstone (Figure B) and was it deposited in a marine or non-marine setting?,

  • What type of markings are present in the bedding surface from Capitol Reef (Figure C) and what do they indicate about water depth?,

  • What depositional environment is likely for the conglomerate in Chiang Rai (Figure E)?,

  • What general rock feature indicates long-duration deposition in an arid environment (General Question 16)?

Strategic leadership
August 21, 2025
August 21, 2025

Natural Hazards

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Natural Hazards

In the first discussion I asked you about the place you most wish to live. Over this semester we have learned about the many disasters that occur on our planet. In this paper you are to research what disasters could occur in the place you want to live. Usually, every location has one big disaster that will be the focus of your paper, but you should also include any other possible disasters. Determine what are the immediate dangers and the long-term dangers you will need to be prepared for. Once you know what the dangers are you can then prepare for them, so list your preparations to live happily in your most desired location.

Natural Hazards

· Brief description of the location you mentioned in your first discussion

· Biggest disaster and dangers

· All other possible disasters and dangers Natural Hazards

· How to best prepare for the disaster

Grading

80% of your grade is on the content of your paper.

What you include, what you researched, what you say. All of this must be evident in your writing.

Be organized in your thoughts. The paper may not be long enough to follow the standard format of intro, body, and conclusion, but it still should not be all over the place.

This is a college level class and I expect your paper to be at the same level.

20% of your grade is based on spelling and grammar.

I expect you to write a college level paper and that includes more than content.

The greatest paper in the world is useless if no one can make sense of it.

I expect you to follow the rules of the English language.

Avoid using “I” unless necessary.

Write in complete sentences. Avoid run-on sentences.

Use proper spelling, no shorthand or texting patterns. Natural Hazards

  1. What is the location you most wish to live in?,

  2. What is the biggest disaster and its associated dangers?,

  3. What other possible disasters could occur in this location?,

  4. What are the immediate and long-term dangers of these disasters?,

  5. How can you best prepare to live safely in this location?

August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Hospice & Palliative Care

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Hospice & Palliative Care

Directions: Based on the information given in the case study, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation and complete the Critical Thinking assignment as instructed below.

It is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the complex management of disease, the clinical manifestations and associated treatment protocols, and how they impact patients across the life span. The purpose of this assignment is to navigate patient needs associated with cognitive and physical decline while demonstrating effective communication and compassionate care.

PART I: Health History and Medical Information

Evaluate the health history and medical information for Timothy Smith, presented below.

Upon discharge from the hospital, Mr. Smith had a successful recovery with home health and outpatient therapy. At the end of his home health journey, Timothy was mobile with a walker and his cognitive abilities had significantly improved. He continued his physical and cognitive therapies to better his mobility on the left leg and address his ongoing PTSD and depression.

After 5 years of successful physical and cognitive therapy, Mr. Smith began to see a decline in his activities of daily living (ADL) and began refusing to attend checkups. At this time, his mother was his primary care giver. She has been diagnosed with terminal cancer.

Mr. Smith’s decline continued to progress. His mother, who was his primary support, passed away, and he does not have a secondary support. He has been dragging his left leg due to decreased mobility, which has led to the development of an infected friction wound on the left foot. After no-showing three appointments with the psychiatrist, Mr. Smith showed up looking disheveled, had a positive drug screen, and seemed to be dealing with his cognition issues outside of the medical field. Due to the accident and decrease in cognition, he isn’t able to comprehend his health needs. Due to immobility and progressive leg weakness, the provider ordered a vascular study of bilateral lower extremities. The study identified thrombus in the left popliteal vein. The patient reports shortness of breath despite no fever, which led to a chest x-ray being completed, showing no noticeable changes.

Laboratory Tests and Vitals: Hospice & Palliative Care

1. Neurocognitive test – Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

2. Vascular study showed a thrombus in the left popliteal vein.

3. Patient is experiencing shortness of breath despite clear chest x-ray.

4. SpO2: 84% on room air

PART II: Critical Thinking Activity

Use the findings from your evaluation to complete the following:

Clinical Assessment and Interventions

Answer the following questions based on Mr. Smith’s presentation and history.

Discuss the conditions that could be causing Mr. Smith’s shortness of breath given his clear chest x-ray. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Identify possible interventions that would be needed to address Mr. Smith’s shortness of breath. Include the timeframe for each intervention in your discussion. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Prioritize three to five additional interventions that would be needed to address Mr. Smith’s immediate health needs. Your response should be a minimum of 200 words.

Building Rapport Through Respect, Compassion, and Empathy

Establishing caring relationships is vital for the nurse-patient relationship, especially when taking care of patients with complex, chronic needs.

Discuss the steps needed to build rapport and mutual understanding when providing care to Mr. Smith, given his distrust of healthcare providers and his lack of a support system. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Explain the strategies that would be useful when establishing a respectful nurse-patient relationship demonstrating qualities of compassion and empathy. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Effective Communication Hospice & Palliative Care

Caring for patients with complex needs requires the nurse to possess effective communication skills. You are assigned as Mr. Smith’s primary nurse during his most recent hospitalization. Consider Mr. Smith’s most recent assessment findings in addressing the following questions.

When communicating with Mr. Smith, identify which of his values and beliefs would be important to consider to ensure effective communication. Use information from this and previous case studies in this course. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Hospice & Palliative Care

Emotional intelligence helps us maintain an awareness of our own emotions and enables us to effectively interact with others in an empathetic manner. When admitting Mr. Smith to the hospital, how would the nurse demonstrate emotional intelligence in her interactions with him? Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Psychosocial and Spiritual Considerations

Providing holistic nursing care for the patient with complex conditions requires that the nurse take into account the patient’s psychosocial and spiritual needs.

Given the patient’s current situation, discuss ways in which the nurse can take into account and address the patient’s psychosocial and spiritual needs. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Hospice/Palliative Care Management

You are assigned as the nurse case manager for Mr. Smith.

Explain the difference between hospice and palliative care. Based on Mr. Smith’s current assessment findings, discuss the type of care (i.e., palliative, hospice, rehabilitative, etc.) that would be most appropriate for him. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Develop a plan to address Mr. Smith’s needs including living environment, health care needs, mental health needs, and financial resources. In your plan, include a discussion of the type of support Mr. Smith needs now that he no longer has a support system and struggles to comprehend his current health needs and management. Your response should be a minimum of 200 words.

Identify two care team members who you would need to collaborate with in order to ensure effective coordination of care for Mr. Smith. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Community Resources and Support Network

Appropriate resources and a support network are important for Mr. Smith and will be imperative in promoting optimal outcomes.

Discuss the options that are still available to provide assistance to Mr. Smith. Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

Suppose this patient was a part of your community. What community resources are offered to enhance his quality of life? Your response should be a minimum of 150 words.

References (Please include working hyperlinks.)

 

  • What conditions could be causing Mr. Smith’s shortness of breath?,

  • What interventions are needed to address his shortness of breath?,

  • What additional interventions are needed for his immediate health needs?,

  • How can the nurse build rapport with Mr. Smith?,

  • What is the difference between hospice and palliative care and which is most appropriate?

August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Presenting PICO(T) Findings

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Presenting PICO(T) Findings

Create a 5–10 minute video of yourself, as a presenter, in which you propose an evidence-based plan to improve the outcomes for your diagnosis.

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Introduction

As part of the critical role that EBP plays in nursing, professional nurses share their findings with their peers and others. A big part of research is sharing knowledge so that others can also learn. Professional nurses attend seminars and read journals specific to their practice, and they also publish and present what they have learned. This assessment prepares you to share your knowledge with others.

Instructions Presenting PICO(T) Findings

For this assessment, you are a presenter! You will create a 5–10 minute video using Kaltura or similar software. In the video and written narrative:

· Review your findings from Assessment 3.

· Create a poster presentation based on your findings from Assessment 3 (see the samples in the  Assessment 4: Poster Template Examples   https://capella.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/leganto/public/01CAPELLA_INST/lists/3452314540006731?auth=SAML&section=3452315100006731 reading list). Include:

· An explanation of the diagnosis.

· The research question you developed using PICO(T).

· A summary of your sources.

Presenting PICO(T) Findings

· The answer to your PICO(T) question based on your analysis of evidence.

· Describe the key steps of care you are recommending based on your evidence.

· Give a professional presentation to your peers, showing your poster with your voice narration using Kaltura or similar software.

· Include your written narrative/script of the presentation in a Word document. Add the link to your video at the end of your written narrative.

Refer to  Using Kaltura  Campus resource as needed to record and upload your video.

Note: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact  DisabilityServices@Capella.edu  to request accommodations. If, for some reason, you are unable to record a video, please contact your faculty as soon as possible to explore options for completing the assessment.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

· Length of video: 5–10 minutes. Presenting PICO(T) Findings

· References: Cite at least three professional or scholarly sources of evidence to support the assertions you make in your video. Include additional properly cited references as necessary to support your statements.

· APA reference page: Submit a correctly formatted APA reference page that shows all the sources you used to create and deliver your video. Be sure to format the reference page according to current APA style.

· Video and narrative: You must submit a written narrative of all of your video content. Add the link to your video at the end of your written narrative.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

· Competency 2: Analyze the relevance and potential effectiveness of evidence when making a decision.

· Explain a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications.

· Summarize the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

· Competency 4: Plan care based on the best available evidence.

· Describe a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

· Explain the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence.

· Describe key steps of care based on the evidence.

· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead practice changes based on evidence.

· Organize content in a poster presentation and written narrative so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

· Communicate effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound.

· Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting adherence to most aspects of APA format.

Scoring Guide

Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

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Criterion 1

Explain a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications.

Distinguished

Explains a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications, providing examples.

Proficient

Explains a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications.

Basic

Explains a diagnosis, but may not fully cover outcomes, risks, and complications in the explanation.

Non Performance

Does not explain a diagnosis in terms of outcomes, risks, and complications.

Criterion 2

Describe a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

Distinguished

Describes a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis, and identifies how the question meets each of the criteria of the PICO(T) process.

Proficient

Describes a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

Basic

Describes a research question developed using the PICO(T) process, though the question may not be specific enough to address all the criteria of the PICO(T) process.

Non Performance

Does not describe a research question developed using the PICO(T) process to address a chosen issue related to a diagnosis.

Criterion 3

Summarize the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Distinguished

Summarizes the content of more than three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Proficient

Summarizes the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Basic

Summarizes the content of at least three sources of evidence, though not the credibility and relevance.

Non Performance

Does not summarize the content of at least three sources of evidence, including the credibility and relevance of the articles to a specific diagnosis issue.

Criterion 4

Explain the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence.

Distinguished

Explains the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence, identifying assumptions on which the analysis is based.

Proficient

Explains the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence.

Basic

Explains the answer to a PICO(T) question, though not based on the evidence.

Non Performance

Does not explain the answer to a PICO(T) question based on an analysis of the evidence.

Criterion 5

Describe key steps of care based on the evidence.

Distinguished

Describes key steps of care based on the evidence, and explains why these are the most appropriate steps.

Proficient

Describes key steps of care based on the evidence.

Basic

Describes key steps of care, though it’s unclear how they relate to the evidence.

Non Performance

Does not describe key steps of care based on the evidence.

Criterion 6

Organize content in a poster presentation and written narrative so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Distinguished

Organizes content in a poster presentation and written narrative with a clear purpose. Content flows logically with smooth transitions using coherent paragraphs, correct grammar/punctuation, word choice, and free of spelling errors.

Proficient

Organizes content in a poster presentation and written narrative so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Basic

Organizes content in a poster presentation and written narrative with some logical flow and smooth transitions. Contains errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Non Performance

Does not organize content in a poster presentation and written narrative so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains many errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.

Criterion 7

Communicate effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound.

Distinguished

Communicates effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound. Content delivery is focused, smooth, and well-rehearsed. Video presentation is between 5 and 10 minutes.

Proficient

Communicates effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound.

Basic

Video is difficult to hear and see, or presentation isn’t professional.

Non Performance

Does not communicate effectively in a professional audiovisual presentation with clear light and sound.

Criterion 8

Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting adherence to most aspects of APA format.

Distinguished

Exhibits adherence to most aspects of APA formatting of headings, in-text citations, and references. Correctly uses quotes and paraphrasing.

Proficient

Applies APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting adherence to most aspects of APA format.

Basic

Applies APA formatting to in-text citations, headings, and references incorrectly and/or inconsistently, detracting noticeable from the content. Inconsistently uses headings, quotes, and/or paraphrasing.

Non Performance

Does not apply APA formatting to headings, in-text citations, and references. Does not use quotes or paraphrase correctly.

WalkMe Chat

  • What is the diagnosis including outcomes risks and complications?,

  • What is the PICO(T) research question developed for this diagnosis?,

  • What evidence sources were reviewed and how credible/relevant are they?,

  • What is the answer to the PICO(T) question based on evidence analysis?,

  • What key steps of care are recommended from the findings?

August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Certification Choices

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Certification Choices

Building on the insights gained from last week’s discussion, share your progress in exploring billing and coding certification exams. What factors are you considering, such as industry recognition, specialization options, and alignment with your career goals? Discuss your research findings and reflect on why a specific certification exam appears to be the most suitable for you. Additionally, share any valuable insights or advice you’ve gathered from various sources. Engage with your classmates in a collaborative discussion to exchange thoughts on the diverse range of certification options available. Certification Choices

  1. What progress have you made in exploring billing and coding certification exams?,

  2. What factors are you considering (recognition, specialization, career alignment)?,

  3. What research findings support your choice of certification exam?,

  4. Which certification exam seems most suitable for you and why?,

  5. What valuable insights or advice have you gathered from sources?

Certification ChoicesComprehensive Response

In exploring billing and coding certification exams, I have reviewed the most recognized credentials available in the healthcare industry. The two most common are the Certified Professional Coder (CPC) through the AAPC and the Certified Coding Specialist (CCS) through AHIMA. Both are widely accepted by employers but differ in scope and focus.

The main factors I considered were industry recognition, opportunities for specialization, and long-term career alignment. The CPC certification emphasizes outpatient and physician office coding, while the CCS is considered more hospital-based and focused on inpatient care. These distinctions are important because they guide the type of work environment and career advancement opportunities available.

Research findings suggest that employers in hospital systems often prefer CCS-certified coders because of the complexity of inpatient coding. The CPC, however, is highly valued in outpatient settings, particularly in private practices and specialty clinics. Both certifications provide a strong foundation, but the CCS appears to offer greater flexibility across settings.

Based on this, I believe the CCS certification is most suitable because it provides broader career opportunities, greater industry recognition in hospital systems, and aligns with my long-term goal of working in a setting that requires advanced coding knowledge.

Advice gathered from peers and forums emphasized starting with the certification that opens the widest doors, and later pursuing additional specialty certifications to build expertise. This approach allows for both career mobility and professional growth. Certification Choices

August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Patient Care & Legal Issues

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Patient Care & Legal Issues

After studying Module 1: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

The unlawful restraint of a patient can be a legal pitfall for the PMHNP.  K.W. was found eating hamburgers out of a Mcdonald’s dumpster and drinking water from an old water hose.  She had not taken a bath in weeks. She refused to live in an apartment because she wants to “live off the fat of the land.”

1. Cite the Baker Act law to defend your position.   2. Find one newspaper article written in the last 5 years that supports your

position.  Summarize the details of the case and the laws cited

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.

• You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/ correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

• All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.

Patient Care & Legal Issues

Patient Care & Legal Issues

Patient Information

After studying Module 2: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

It is very important for all mental health professionals to take very detailed and thorough historical information from their patients. This information should include an adequate social history, complete medical history, and a full mental status examination with a probable treatment plan.

• Describe three reasons it is important to gather detailed and extensive information from any patient before you counsel him/her or make medication suggestions.  Use evidence-based research to support your position.

• Define malingering.  Discuss two ways to differentiate between malingering and a DSM5 diagnosis.  Use evidence-based research to support your position.

 

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.

• You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/ correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

• All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.

 

 

Patient Care & Legal Issues

Anxiety Case

After studying Module 3: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

 

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.

• You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/ correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

• All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.

Case Study

Ms. JN is a 24-year-old law student who presents to an outpatient psychiatry clinic accompanied by her husband. She feels “worried about everything!” She is “stressed out” about her academic workload and upcoming exams. She feels fatigued and has difficulty concentrating on her assignments. She also complains of frequent headaches and associated neck muscle spasms, as well as difficulty falling asleep. The patient’s husband describes her as “a worrier. She’ll worry about me getting into an accident, losing my job, not making enough money—the list goes on and on.”

Ms. JN reports that she has always had some degree of anxiety, but previously found that it motivated her. Over the last year, her symptoms have become debilitating and beyond her control.

Question s:

Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and clinical guidelines to create your evidence-based treatment plan. At all times, explain your answers.

1. Summarize the clinical case 2. Formulate  3. Create a list of the patient’s problems and prioritize them.   4. Which pharmacological treatment would you prescribe? Include

the rationale for this treatment. 5. Which non-pharmacological treatment would you prescribe?

Include the rationale for this treatment. 6. Include an assessment of treatment’s appropriateness, cost,

effectiveness, safety, and potential for patient adherence.

 

 

Depression Case

After studying Module 4: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

Case Study

Ms. Z is a 28-year-old assistant store manager who arrives at your outpatient clinic complaining of sadness after her boyfriend of 6 months ended their relationship 1 month ago. She describes a history of failed romantic relationships, and says, “I don’t do well with breakups.” Ms. Z reports that, although she has no prior psychiatric treatment, she was urged by her employer to seek therapy. Ms. Z has arrived late to work on several occasions because of oversleeping. She also has difficulty in getting out of bed stating, “It’s difficult to walk; it’s like my legs weigh a ton.” She feels fatigued during the day despite spending over 12 hours in bed and is concerned that she might be suffering from a serious medical condition. She denies any significant changes in appetite or weight since these symptoms began. Ms. Z reports that, although she has not missed workdays, she has difficulty concentrating and has become tearful in front of clients while worrying about not finding a significant other. She feels tremendous guilt over “not being good enough to get married,” and says that her close friends are concerned because she has been spending her weekends in bed and not answering their calls. Although during your evaluation Ms. Z appeared tearful, she brightened up when talking about her newborn nephew and her plans of visiting a college friend next summer. Ms. Z denied suicidal ideation.

Question s:

Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and clinical guidelines to create your evidence-based treatment plan. At all times, explain your answers.

1. Summarize the clinical case including the significant subjective and objective data.

2. Generate a primary and two differential diagnoses.  Use the DSM5 to support the assessment.  Include the DSM5 and ICD 10 codes.

3. Discuss a pharmacological treatment would you prescribe? Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

4. Discuss non-pharmacological treatment would you prescribe?  Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

5. Describe a health promotion intervention that would be appropriate for this patient.

 

 

Bipolar Case

After studying Module 5: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.

• You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/ correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

Case Study

Jill, a 24 y/o Hispanic female arrives in the emergency room where her parents brought her for evaluation. They are worried because she is giving away all of her possessions and says she is planning to move to the South Pole so she can “save the world.” Her parents say that she has hardly been sleeping at all for the last 7 days, but she seems very energetic. They say she has appeared to be “in a frenzy” lately. When you interview Jill you notice that she speaks very rapidly and is laughing uncontrollably. It is hard to get her to be quiet long enough for you to ask questions. She seems agitated and has difficulty sitting still.

Question s:

Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and clinical guidelines to create your evidence-based treatment plan. At all times, explain your answers.

1. Summarize the clinical case including the significant subjective and objective data.

2. Generate a primary and two differential diagnoses.  Use the DSM5 to support the assessment.  Include the DSM5 and ICD 10 codes.

3. Discuss a pharmacological treatment would you prescribe? Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

4. Discuss non-pharmacological treatment would you prescribe?  Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

5. Describe a health promotion intervention that would be appropriate for this patient.

 

 

Psychiatric Case

After studying Module 6: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following

Case Study A 74-year-old African American woman, Ms. Richardson, was brought to the hospital emergency room by the police.  She is unkempt, dirty, and foul-smelling.  She does not look at the interviewer and is apparently confused and unresponsive to most of his questions.  She knows her name and address, but not the day of the month. She is unable to describe the events that led to her admission.

The police reported that they were called by neighbors because Ms. Richardson had been wandering around the neighborhood and not taking care of herself.  The medical center mobile crisis unit went to her house twice but could not get in and presumed she was not home. Finally, the police came and broke into the apartment, where they were met by a snarling German shepherd.  They shot the dog with a tranquilizing gun and then found Ms. Richardson hiding in the corner, wearing nothing but a bra. The apartment was filthy, the floor littered with dog feces.  The police found a gun, which they took into custody. The following day, while Ms. Richardson was awaiting transfer to a medical unit for treatment of her out-of-control diabetes, the psychiatric provider attempted to interview her.  Her facial expression was still mostly unresponsive, and she still didn’t know the month and couldn’t say what hospital she was in.  She reported that the neighbors had called the police because she was “sick,” and indeed she had felt sick and weak, with pains in her shoulder; in addition, she had not eaten for 3 days.  She remembered that the police had shot her dog with a tranquilizer and said the dog was now in “the shop” and would be returned to her when she got home.  She refused to give the name of a neighbor who was a friend, saying, “he’s got enough troubles of his own.” She denied ever being in a psychiatric hospital or hearing voices but acknowledged that she had at one point seen a psychiatrist “near downtown” because she couldn’t sleep.  He had prescribed medication that was too strong, so she didn’t take it.  She didn’t remember the name, so the interviewer asked if it was Thorazine.  She said no, it was “allal.”  ‘Haldol?”, ask the interviewer. She nodded.

The interviewer was convinced that was the drug, but other observers thought she might have said yes to anything that sounded remotely like it, such as “Elavil.” When asked about the gun, she denied, with some annoyance, that it was real and said it was a toy gun that had been brought to the house by her brother, who had died 8 years ago.  She was still feeling weak and sick, complained of pain in her shoulder, and apparently had trouble swallowing.  She did manage to smile as the team left her bedside.

 

 

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted, and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.

• You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/ correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)

• All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.

Questions: Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and clinical guidelines to create your evidence-based treatment plan. At all times, explain your answers.

1. Summarize the clinical case including the significant subjective and objective data.

2. Generate a primary and two differential diagnoses.  Use the DSM5 to support the assessment.  Include the DSM5 and ICD 10 codes.

3. Discuss a pharmacological treatment would you prescribe? Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

4. Discuss non-pharmacological treatment would you prescribe?  Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

5. Describe a health promotion intervention that would be appropriate for this patient.

 

 

Schizophrenia Spectrum Case

After studying Module 7: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:

 

Case Study

Mr. T is a 21-year-old man who is brought to the ER by his mother after he began talking about “aliens” who were trying to steal his soul. Mr. T reports that aliens left messages for him by arranging sticks outside his home and sometimes send thoughts into his mind. On exam, he is guarded and often stops talking while in the middle of expressing a thought. Mr. T appears anxious and frequently scans the room for aliens, which he thinks may have followed him to the hospital. He denies any plan to harm himself but admits that the aliens  sometimes want him to throw himself in front of a car, “as this will change the systems that belong under us.”

The patient’s mother reports that he began expressing these ideas a few months ago, but that they have become more severe in the last few weeks. She reports that during the past year, he has become isolated from his peers, frequently talks to himself, and has stopped going to community college. He has also spent most of his time reading science fiction books and creating devices that will prevent aliens from hurting him. She reports that she is concerned because the patient’s father, who left while the patient was a child, exhibited similar symptoms many years ago and has spent most of his life in a psychiatric hospital.

Question s:

Remember to answer these questions from your textbooks and clinical guidelines to create your evidence-based treatment plan. At all times, explain your answers.

1. Summarize the clinical case including the significant subjective and objective data.

2. Generate a primary and two differential diagnoses. Use the DSM5 to support the assessment. Include the DSM5 and ICD 10 codes.

3. Discuss a pharmacological treatment would you prescribe? Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

4. Discuss non-pharmacological treatment would you prescribe?  Use the clinical guidelines to support the rationale for this treatment.

5. Describe a health promotion intervention that would be appropriate for this patient.

  • How does the Baker Act apply to this case?,

  • What does the law say about unlawful restraint?,

  • How does K.W.’s presentation justify or not justify involuntary treatment?,

  • What newspaper case supports your position?,

  • What lessons can PMHNPs take from this legal/ethical issue?

Strategic leadership
August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Managed Care Models

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Managed Care Models

Managed care plans are a type of health insurance. They have contracts with healthcare providers and medical facilities to provide care for members at reduced costs. These providers typically make up the plan’s network. Your text lays out six models of managed care. We will further study four of the plans. Below, you will find several links you will need in order to complete this assignment:

Correlate four of the six managed care models with their characteristics.

Include the following in your assignment:

Managed Care Models

· Describe the financial differences between the models.

· Which model provides the most flexibility for patients to select their providers?

· Which model would you select and why? Managed Care Models

  1. What are four of the six managed care models and their characteristics?,

  2. What are the financial differences between these models?,

  3. Which model provides the most flexibility for patients to select providers?,

  4. Which model would you personally select and why?,

  5. How do these models impact cost and access to care?

Comprehensive Response

Managed care plans are designed to reduce healthcare costs while ensuring patients have access to necessary services. Four commonly used models include:

  • Health Maintenance Organization (HMO): Members must use in-network providers, and referrals are required for specialists. Costs are usually lower, but flexibility is limited.

  • Preferred Provider Organization (PPO): Patients have access to both in-network and out-of-network providers, though out-of-network care costs more. Referrals are generally not required.

  • Point of Service (POS): A hybrid of HMO and PPO, requiring a primary care provider (PCP) and referrals, but allowing limited out-of-network care at higher costs.

  • Exclusive Provider Organization (EPO): Similar to an HMO, but no referrals are needed for specialists. Care must be received within the network unless in an emergency.

Financial differences among these models are significant. HMOs and EPOs typically have lower premiums and out-of-pocket costs but restrict provider choice. PPOs have higher premiums but greater flexibility. POS plans balance cost and access, often falling in between.

The PPO model provides the most flexibility for patients since it allows both in-network and out-of-network provider choices without referrals.

Personally, I would select a PPO plan because of the balance it offers between access and convenience. The ability to see specialists without referrals and choose providers outside the network provides peace of mind, even though the premiums may be higher.

Overall, these models illustrate the trade-offs between cost savings and provider choice, highlighting how managed care influences both affordability and patient autonomy.Managed Care Models

August 20, 2025
August 20, 2025

Billing Work Settings

Author By Academic Wizard Categories Blog

Billing Work Settings

Our personality type may guide us toward our preferred profession. If it were even possible to categorize ourselves as either introverted or extroverted this classification could help direct us. Introverts (or those of us with introverted tendencies) tend to recharge by spending time alone. We lose energy from being around people for long periods, particularly in large crowds. Extroverts, on the other hand, gain energy from other people.

In this week’s supplemental reading assignment #1 the differences between working as a medical coder and/or billing specialist in the hospital environment versus a physician’s office are explored.

Explore the role of a medical coder and/or billing specialist in different work environments.

Include the following aspects in the discussion:

Billing Work Settings

· Discuss how you view the differences between a hospital billing position and that of a physician’s office.

· Do you see yourself as an introvert or an extrovert? Billing Work Settings

· Based on your personality, would you prefer a hospital setting or a physician’s office setting?

· Are there other factors that would affect your selection of setting (besides personality or Introvert vs. Extrovert)?

Billing Work Settings

  1. What are the differences between hospital billing and physician’s office billing?,

  2. Do you see yourself as an introvert or an extrovert?,

  3. Based on your personality which setting would you prefer?,

  4. What other factors affect the choice of setting besides personality?,

  5. How do these differences shape your perspective on career direction?

Comprehensive Response

The role of a medical coder or billing specialist can vary significantly depending on the work environment. Hospital billing tends to be more complex, involving a broader range of services, multiple departments, and inpatient as well as outpatient procedures. Hospital coders often handle higher volumes of claims with more detailed documentation requirements. In contrast, physician’s office billing usually involves a smaller scope, focusing on outpatient or specialty services, with closer interaction between staff and providers. This environment may allow for more consistency in coding and billing tasks, though it may also mean less variety compared to a hospital.

I identify more with an introverted personality, as I gain energy from working independently and prefer structured tasks. Based on this, I would lean toward a physician’s office setting, where the smaller scale may offer a more predictable workflow and less overwhelming interpersonal demand.

However, other factors also influence this choice. For example, career growth and exposure to a wide range of coding cases may be greater in a hospital setting. Salary differences, opportunities for specialization, and access to professional development can also shape the decision. Additionally, lifestyle considerations such as schedule flexibility, commute time, and work-life balance play important roles.

Ultimately, while personality provides some guidance, I believe the choice between hospital and physician’s office billing should balance both personal preferences and professional opportunities for growth.

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